Translation and validation of the Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS) into Brazilian Portuguese

Felden, Érico P.G.; Carniel, Joana D.; Andrade, Rubian D.; Pelegrini, Andreia; Anacleto, Tâmile S.; Louzada, Fernando M.

doi:10.1016/j.jped.2015.05.008

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Original articles • J. Pediatr. (Rio J.) 92 (2) • Mar-Apr 2016 • https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2015.05.008 copy

Translation and validation of the Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS) into Brazilian Portuguese^☆ ☆ Please cite this article as: Felden ÉP, Carniel JD, Andrade RD, Pelegrini A, Anacleto TS, Louzada FM. Translation and validation of the Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS) into Brazilian Portuguese. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2016;92:168-73.

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Abstract

Objective:

The aim of this study was to translate and validate the Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS) into Brazilian Portuguese.

Methods:

The translation/validation process was carried out through translation, back translation, technical review, assessment of verbal comprehension/clarity of the scale by experts and a focus group, test–retest, and application of the tool. The reproducibility analysis was performed by applying the PDSS in test–retest; internal consistency was verified by applying the scale in 90 children and adolescents.

Results:

The mean score of the sum of PDSS questions was 15.6 (SD = 5.0) points. The PDSS showed appropriate indicators of content validation and clarity for the Brazilian Portuguese version. The internal consistency analysis showed a Cronbach's alpha of 0.784. The PDSS showed adequate reproducibility. The PDSS scores showed a significant and negative correlation with time spent in bed (r = −0.214; p = 0.023).

Conclusion:

The Brazilian Portuguese version of the PDSS shows satisfactory indicators of validity and can be applied in clinical practice and scientific research.

Keywords
Translating; Validation studies; Disorders of excessive somnolence; Child; Adolescent

PDSS	Cronbach's alpha	Mean (standard deviation)		p-Value
		Test	Retest
Sum	0.784	15.6 (5.0)	15.6 (5.0)	0.725

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E-mail: jped@jped.com.br

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[1] *Corresponding author. E-mail:ericofelden@gmail.com (É.P.G. Felden).

Original	Translation	Back translation	Final
1. How often do you fall asleep or get drowsy during class periods?	1. Com qual frequência você dorme ou sente sono em sala de aula?	1. How often do you sleep or feel sleepy in the classroom?	1. Com qual frequência você dorme ou sente sono em sala de aula?
2. How often do you get sleepy or drowsy while doing your homework?	2. Com qual frequência você dorme ou sente sono ao fazer a lição de casa?	2. How often do you sleep or feel sleepy while doing your homework?	2. Com qual frequência você fica com sono ao fazer a lição de casa?
3. Are you usually alert most of the day?	3. Você está alerta na maior parte do dia?	3. Are you alert most part of the day?	3. Você está atento/alerta na maior parte do dia?
4. How often are you ever tired and grumpy during the day?	4. Com qual frequência você se sente cansado e mal humorado durante o dia?	4. How often are you ever tired and grumpy during the day?	4. Com qual frequência você se sente cansado e mal humorado durante o dia?
5. How often do you have trouble getting out of bed in the morning?	5. Com qual frequência você tem dificuldades para sair da cama de manhã?	5. How often do you have trouble getting out of the bed in the morning?	5. Com qual frequência você tem dificuldades para sair da cama de manhã?
6. How often do you fall back to sleep after being awakened in the morning?	6. Com qual frequência você volta a dormir depois de acordar pela manhã?	6. How often do you fall back to sleep after being awakened in the morning?	6. Com qual frequência você volta a dormir depois de acordar pela manhã?
7. How often do you need someone to awaken you in the morning?	7. Com qual frequência você precisa de alguém para te acordar de manhã?	7. How often do you need someone to awaken you in the morning?	7. Com qual frequência você precisa de alguém ou de auxílio de despertador para te acordar de manhã?
8. How often do you think that you need more sleep?	8. Com qual frequência você acha que precisa dormir mais?	8. How often do you feel like you need more sleeping time?	8. Com qual frequência você acha que precisa dormir mais?