α-LTXs |
L. m. tredecimguttatus/L. tredecimguttatus: α-LTX-Lt1a [176176. Kiyatkin NI, Dulubova IE, Chekhovskaya IA, Grishin EV. Cloning and structure of cDNA encoding α-latrotoxin from black widow spider venom. FEBS Lett. 1990 Sep 17;270(1-2):127-31. PMID: 1977615. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(90)81250-r. https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-5793(90)812...
] |
L. mactans: α-LTX-Lm1a [188188. Graudins A, Little MJ, Pineda SS, Hains PG, King GF, Broady KW, et al. Cloning and activity of a novel alpha-latrotoxin from red-back spider venom. Biochem Pharmac. 2012 Jan 1;83(1):170-83. PMID: 22001442. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.09.024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2011.09.02...
] |
L. hesperus: α-LTX-Lhe1a [188188. Graudins A, Little MJ, Pineda SS, Hains PG, King GF, Broady KW, et al. Cloning and activity of a novel alpha-latrotoxin from red-back spider venom. Biochem Pharmac. 2012 Jan 1;83(1):170-83. PMID: 22001442. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.09.024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2011.09.02...
] |
L. hasselti: α-LTX-Lh1a [188188. Graudins A, Little MJ, Pineda SS, Hains PG, King GF, Broady KW, et al. Cloning and activity of a novel alpha-latrotoxin from red-back spider venom. Biochem Pharmac. 2012 Jan 1;83(1):170-83. PMID: 22001442. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.09.024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2011.09.02...
] |
LITs |
L. m. tredecimguttatus/L. tredecimguttatus: α-LIT-Lt1a [177177. Kiyatkin N, Dulubova I, Grishin E. Cloning and structural analysis of alpha-latroinsectotoxin cDNA: abundance of ankyrin-like repeats. Eur J Biochem. 1993 Apr 1;213(1):121-7. PMID: 8477689. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1993.tb17741.x. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1432-1033.1993...
], |
δ-LIT-Lt1a [174174. Dulubova IE, Krasnoperov VG, Khvotchev MV, Pluzhnikov KA, Volkova TM, Grishin EV, et al. Cloning and structure of delta-latroinsectotoxin, a novel insect-specific member of the latrotoxin family: functional expression requires C-terminal truncation. J Biol Chem. 1996 Mar 29;271(13):7535-43. PMID: 8631785. doi: 10.1074/jbc.271.13.7535. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.271.13.7535...
], ß-LIT, γ-LIT, and ε-LIT [148148. Grishin EV. Black widow spider toxins: the present and the future. Toxicon. 1998 Nov;36(11):1693-701. PMID: 9792186. doi: 10.1016/s0041-0101(98)00162-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0041-0101(98)00...
] |
L. hasselti: α-LIT-Lh1a and δ-LIT-Lh1a [188188. Graudins A, Little MJ, Pineda SS, Hains PG, King GF, Broady KW, et al. Cloning and activity of a novel alpha-latrotoxin from red-back spider venom. Biochem Pharmac. 2012 Jan 1;83(1):170-83. PMID: 22001442. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.09.024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2011.09.02...
] |
L. hesperus: δ-LIT-Lhe1a [188188. Graudins A, Little MJ, Pineda SS, Hains PG, King GF, Broady KW, et al. Cloning and activity of a novel alpha-latrotoxin from red-back spider venom. Biochem Pharmac. 2012 Jan 1;83(1):170-83. PMID: 22001442. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.09.024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2011.09.02...
] |
α-LCT |
L. m. tredecimguttatus/L. tredecimguttatus: α-LCT-Lt1a [148148. Grishin EV. Black widow spider toxins: the present and the future. Toxicon. 1998 Nov;36(11):1693-701. PMID: 9792186. doi: 10.1016/s0041-0101(98)00162-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0041-0101(98)00...
] |
Latrodectins |
L. m. tredecimguttatus/L. tredecimguttatus [182182. Kiyatkin N, Dulubova I, Chekhovskaya I, Lipkin A, Grishin E. Structure of the low molecular weight protein copurified with α-latrotoxin. Toxicon. 1992 Jul;30(7):771-4. PMID: 1509496. doi: 10.1016/0041-0101(92)90012-t. https://doi.org/10.1016/0041-0101(92)900...
, 183183. Volkova TM, Pluzhnikov KA, Woll PG, Grishin EV. Low molecular weight components from black widow spider venom. Toxicon. 1995 Apr;33(4):483-9. PMID: 7570633. doi: 10.1016/0041-0101(94)00166-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/0041-0101(94)001...
] |
L. geometricus [185185. McCowan C, Garb JE. Recruitment and diversification of an ecdysozoan family of neuropeptide hormones for black widow spider venom expression. Gene. 2014 Feb 25;536(2):366-75. PMID: 24316130. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.11.054. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2013.11.0...
] |
L. hesperus [185185. McCowan C, Garb JE. Recruitment and diversification of an ecdysozoan family of neuropeptide hormones for black widow spider venom expression. Gene. 2014 Feb 25;536(2):366-75. PMID: 24316130. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.11.054. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2013.11.0...
] |
Peptide inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme |
L. tredecimguttatus [147147. Rash LD, Hodgson WC. Pharmacology and biochemistry of spider venoms. Toxicon. 2002 Mar;40(3):225-54. PMID: 11711120. doi: 10.1016/s0041-0101(01)00199-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0041-0101(01)00...
] |
Hyaluronidase |
L. tredecimguttatus [113113. Bonnet MS. The toxicology of Latrodectus tredecimguttatus: the mediterranean black widow spider. Homeopathy. 2004 Jan;93(1):27-33. PMID: 14960100. doi: 10.1016/j.homp.2003.10.001. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.homp.2003.10.0...
] |
L. mactans [113113. Bonnet MS. The toxicology of Latrodectus tredecimguttatus: the mediterranean black widow spider. Homeopathy. 2004 Jan;93(1):27-33. PMID: 14960100. doi: 10.1016/j.homp.2003.10.001. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.homp.2003.10.0...
] |
Collagenase |
L. geometricus [134134. Reyes-Lugo M, Sanchez T, Finol HJ, Sanchez EE, Suarez JA, Guerreiro B, et al. Neurotoxic activity and ultrastructural changes in muscles caused by the brown widow spider Latrodectus geometricus venom. Rev Inst Med Trop São Paulo. 2009 Mar-Apr;51(2):95-101. PMID: 19390738. doi: 10.1590/s0036-46652009000200007. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0036-4665200900...
] |
Phosphodiesterase |
L. mactans (from North America*) [189189. Russell FE. Phosphodiesterase of some snake and arthropod venoms. Toxicon. 1966;4(2):153-4. doi: 10.1016/0041-0101(66)90009-2. https://doi.org/10.1016/0041-0101(66)900...
] |
Bradykinin-inactivating enzyme (kininase)-thiol endopeptidase |
L. tredecimguttatus [190190. Akhunov A, Golubenko Z. Isolation and study of the properties of kininase from the venom of spider Latrodectus tredecimguttatus. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1989;247A:313-8. PMID: 2603796. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4615-9543-4_46. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9543-...
]**
|
Serotonin |
L. tredecimguttatus [191191. Pansa MC, Natalizi GM, Bettini S. 5-hydroxytryptamine content of Latrodectus mactans tredecimguttatus venom from gland extracts. Toxicon. 1972 Jan;10(1):85-6. PMID: 5015547. doi: 10.1016/0041-0101(72)90097-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/0041-0101(72)900...
] |
Free amino acids (glutamic acid, aspartic acid, GABA, and taurine) |
L. tredecimguttatus [33. Bettini S, Maroli M. Venoms of Theridiidae, genus Latrodectus. In: Bettini S, editor. Handbook of experimental pharmacology. New York: Springer-Verlag; 1978. p. 149-84., 147147. Rash LD, Hodgson WC. Pharmacology and biochemistry of spider venoms. Toxicon. 2002 Mar;40(3):225-54. PMID: 11711120. doi: 10.1016/s0041-0101(01)00199-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0041-0101(01)00...
] |
Purine derivatives (adenosine, guanosine, inosine, and 2,4,6-trihydroxypurine) |
L. menavodi [192192. Horni A, Weickmann D, Hesse M. The main products of the low molecular mass fraction in the venom of the spider Latrodectus menavodi. Toxicon. 2001 Feb-Mar;39(2-3):425-8. PMID: 10978765. doi: 10.1016/s0041-0101(00)00147-1. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0041-0101(00)00...
] |