Three new species of the <i>Eigenmannia trilineata</i> species group (Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae) from northwestern South America

Herrera-Collazos, Edgar Esteban; Galindo-Cuervo, Aleidy M.; Maldonado-Ocampo, Javier A.; Rincón-Sandoval, Melissa

doi:10.1590/10.1590/1982-0224-2018-0085

Edgar Esteban Herrera-Collazos

Laboratorio de Ictiología, Unidad de Ecología y Sistemática (UNESIS), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7, N° 43-82, 110231561 Bogotá, D.C., Colombia. (EEHC) edgarestebanhc@gmail.com; (AMG) aleidy.galindo@javeriana.edu.co; (JAMO) maldonadoj@javeriana.edu.co (†deceased); (MRS) melissarincons@gmail.com

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0623-6084

Aleidy M. Galindo-Cuervo

Laboratorio de Ictiología, Unidad de Ecología y Sistemática (UNESIS), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7, N° 43-82, 110231561 Bogotá, D.C., Colombia. (EEHC) edgarestebanhc@gmail.com; (AMG) aleidy.galindo@javeriana.edu.co; (JAMO) maldonadoj@javeriana.edu.co (†deceased); (MRS) melissarincons@gmail.com

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4761-5830

Javier A. Maldonado-Ocampo

Laboratorio de Ictiología, Unidad de Ecología y Sistemática (UNESIS), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7, N° 43-82, 110231561 Bogotá, D.C., Colombia. (EEHC) edgarestebanhc@gmail.com; (AMG) aleidy.galindo@javeriana.edu.co; (JAMO) maldonadoj@javeriana.edu.co (†deceased); (MRS) melissarincons@gmail.com

† Deceased

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3024-237X

Melissa Rincón-Sandoval

Laboratorio de Ictiología, Unidad de Ecología y Sistemática (UNESIS), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7, N° 43-82, 110231561 Bogotá, D.C., Colombia. (EEHC) edgarestebanhc@gmail.com; (AMG) aleidy.galindo@javeriana.edu.co; (JAMO) maldonadoj@javeriana.edu.co (†deceased); (MRS) melissarincons@gmail.com

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0200-5775

^†
Deceased

Edited by

William Crampton

Correspondence:

Melissa Rincón-Sandoval: melissarincons@gmail.com

AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS

Edgar E. Herrera-Collazos: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal Analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing (original draft).

Aleidy M. Galindo-Cuervo: Investigation, Methodology, Formal analysis, Validation, Writing (original draft), Writing (review & editing).

Javier A. Maldonado-Ocampo: Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing (original draft).

Melissa Rincón-Sandoval: Data curation, Formal Analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing (original draft), Writing (review & editing).

COMPETING INTERESTS

Not applicable.

Basin	No. Individuals
Upper Magdalena	62
Lower Atrato	30
Lower Magdalena	81
Cauca - Nechi	30
Catatumbo - Maracaibo	81
Caribe - Guajira	30
Middle Magdalena	79
Cis-Andean	317

	Df	SS	MS	R2	F	Z	Pr(>F)
log(size)	1	0.09	0.09	0.026	21.28	16.21	1.0E-04
Group	7	0.42	0.06	0.118	13.89	12.04	1.0E-04
Residuals	702	3.04	0.00
Total	710	3.55

	Df	SSE	SS	R2	F	Z	Pr(>F)
Common Allometry	702	3.04
Group Allometries	695	2.94	0.09	0.026	3.191	0	1

	Df	SS	MS	R2	F	Z	Pr(>F)
log(size)	1	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.08	0.06	1
Group	7	0.41	0.06	0.12	13.7	11.89	1.0E-04
Residuals	702	3.04	0.00
Total	710	3.46

BGPC	Eigenvalue	% variance	accumulative
1	0.001	74.75	74.75
2	0.0001	7.37	82.12
3	9.29E-05	6.80	88.93
4	6.46E-05	4.72	93.66
5	5.23E-05	3.83	97.49
6	2.18E-05	1.59	99.08
7	1.24E-05	0.91	99.99

CV	Eigenvalue	% variance	accumulative
1	2.2032	39.41	39.41
2	1.3832	24.71	64.12
3	7.50E-01	13.42	77.54
4	4.64E-01	8.29	85.83

	UM	AT	LM	CAT	CG	CIS	MM
UM	-	0.03	0.05	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03
AT	0.2	-	0.05	0.03	0.04	0.03	0.03
LM	0.01	0.01	-	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05
CAT	0.01	0.01	0.01	-	0.03	0.03	0.03
CG	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	-	0.03	0.03
CIS	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	-	0.03
MM	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	-

	Holotype	Min	Max	Mean	SD	N
Total Length (mm)	181.0	157.0	220.9	178.3	-	43
Length to end of anal fin (mm)	137.0	122.0	177.9	138.4	-	43
Head Length (mm)	17.2	12.5	21.1	18.2	-	43
	Percentage of LEA
Head length	12.5	8.5	15.7	13.2	0.0	43
Preanal distance	15.4	10.5	20.0	16.3	0.0	43
Prepectoral distance	13.2	8.4	16.5	13.4	0.0	43
Snout to anus	8.5	5.8	11.2	9.1	0.0	43
Maximum body depth	13.3	8.9	17.0	13.5	0.0	43
Anal-fin length	84.7	69.1	88.4	83.8	0.0	43
Pectoral-fin width	2.0	1.2	2.7	2.0	0.0	43
Caudal filament length	32.1	10.1	37.7	28.9	0.1	43
	Percentage of HL
Snout length	25.4	20.0	42.9	26.9	0.1	43
Pre nape distance	85.0	67.9	85.2	75.2	0.0	43
Snout to posterior naris distance	21.1	14.9	24.7	19.0	0.0	43
Posterior naris to orbit distance	10.0	5.6	26.6	12.1	0.1	43
Internarial width	12.2	9.3	18.1	11.6	0.0	43
Orbital diameter	18.2	14.1	21.1	17.0	0.0	43
Postorbital distance	60.5	55.6	77.5	63.1	0.1	43
Opercular opening	27.4	23.2	31.6	27.5	0.0	43
Interorbital distance	32.0	25.5	56.3	35.2	0.1	15
Oral width	17.6	15.3	25.7	19.5	0.0	43
	Counts
Anal-fin rays	175	173	217			38
Simple pectoral-fin rays	2	2	3			43
Ramified pectoral-fin rays	14	12	14			43
Scales over lateral line	164	115	173			38
Scales above lateral line	7	5	8			38

	Holotype	Min	Max	Mean	SD	N
Total Length (mm)	172.0	158.0	299.0	211.7	-	30
Length to end of anal fin (mm)	131.0	81.0	255.0	128.4	-	30
Head Length (mm)	17.2	13.0	20.0	16.3	-	30
	Percentage of LEA
Head length	18.2	7.0	24.0	13.6	0.0	30
Preanal distance	18.7	9.0	28.0	16.3	0.1	30
Prepectoral distance	13.3	7.0	23.0	13.6	0.0	30
Snout to anus	9.2	5.0	17.0	9.4	0.0	30
Maximum body depth	16.1	7.0	22.0	13.9	0.0	30
Anal-fin length	81.7	61.0	100.0	83.8	0.1	30
Pectoral-fin width	1.6	1.0	3.0	1.9	0.0	30
Caudal filament length	31.3	13.0	48.0	32.6	0.1	30
	Percentage of HL
Snout length	21.6	20.0	29.0	24.4	0.0	30.0
Pre nape distance	74.6	66.0	83.0	73.0	0.0	30
Snout to posterior naris distance	18.1	16.0	22.0	19.2	0.0	30
Posterior naris to orbit distance	10.0	8.0	15.0	10.5	0.0	30
Internarial width	12.6	9.0	16.0	12.1	0.0	30
Orbital diameter	15.3	15.0	21.0	17.8	0.0	30
Postorbital distance	65.6	55.0	66.0	60.1	0.0	30
Opercular opening	28.7	22.0	34.0	27.1	0.0	30
Interorbital distance	31.2	28.0	47.0	36.3	0.1	8
Oral width	17.7	16.0	21.0	18.9	0.0	30
	Counts
Anal-fin rays	210	182	259			30
Simple pectoral-fin rays	3	2	4			30
Ramified pectoral-fin rays	12	11	14			30
Scales over lateral line	151	142	274			30
Scales above lateral line	7	6	18			30

	Holotype	Min	Max	Mean	SD	N
Total Length (mm)	153.6	151.0	237.0	191.9	-	53
Length to end of anal fin (mm)	127.2	102.0	196.0	148.3	-	53
Head Length (mm)	17.9	12.0	24.0	18.7	-	53
	Percentage of LEA
Head length	13.7	9.0	18.0	12.8	0.0	53
Preanal distance	16.1	12.0	28.0	18.3	0.0	53
Prepectoral distance	12.7	8.8	19.6	12.9	0.0	53
Snout to anus	8.4	6.2	14.0	9.2	0.0	53
Maximum body depth	13.2	8.9	22.9	15.4	0.0	53
Anal-fin length	78.5	63.6	87.4	80.4	0.1	53
Pectoral-fin width	2.2	1.0	3.4	1.9	0.0	53
Caudal filament length	20.8	6.9	49.0	29.7	0.1	53
	Percentage of HL
Snout length	23.4	18.2	25.9	22.2	0.0	53
Pre nape distance	65.7	63.9	77.4	70.7	0.0	53
Snout to posterior naris distance	16.0	15.8	24.1	18.9	0.0	53
Posterior naris to orbit distance	11.1	5.5	11.2	8.5	0.0	53
Internarial width	10.5	8.4	15.9	12.6	0.0	53
Orbital diameter	15.2	13.7	21.1	17.0	0.0	53
Postorbital distance	69.7	58.5	69.7	63.3	0.0	53
Opercular opening	28.9	23.0	37.4	28.1	0.0	53
Interorbital distance	33.6	21.4	51.7	30.8	0.1	52
Oral width	15.9	12.1	24.2	17.6	0.0	53
	Counts
Anal-fin rays	197	180	22			46
Simple pectoral-fin rays	2	2	4			46
Ramified pectoral-fin rays	12	12	16			46
Scales over lateral line	157	109	176			28
Scales above lateral line	8	7	9			28

[1] ^†
Deceased

Brasil

Brasil

Three new species of the Eigenmannia trilineata species group (Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae) from northwestern South America

ABSTRACT