A measure of the socioeconomic status of Brazilian schools using primary and secondary indicators

Soares, José Francisco; Alves, Maria Teresa Gonzaga

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Artigo • Opin. Pública 29 (3) • Sep-Dec 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-01912023293575 copy

A measure of the socioeconomic status of Brazilian schools using primary and secondary indicators

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The article presents a measure of socioeconomic status (SES) for nearly all Brazilian schools. Primary indicators – calculated with data from questionnaires answered by students in educational assessments – and secondary indicators – which characterize the schools' social contexts – were aggregated into an SES scale through an Item Response Theory model. The SES was calculated for more than 180,000 schools. The methodology gave visibility to small schools or ones in remote areas that, until now were invisible to public policies since they had not participated in educational assessments. The relationship between educational outcomes and SES represents the inequalities in the country. The schools' SES are useful for academic research, and can help improve public policies aimed at reducing educational inequalities.

Schools' socioeconomic status; primary and secondary education; educational inequalities; social scales and measures; Item Response Theory

Grupo	Média	N^o de escolas	Desvio- padrão	Mínimo	Máximo
1 - Escola possui algum NSE primário	0,132	95.533	0,052	0,059	0,634
2 - Escola possui só NSE secundário	0,279	90.083	0,029	0,227	0,683
Total	0,204	185.616	0,085	0,059	0,683

Ano Saeb	Quintil do NSE da escola
Ano Saeb	1^o	2^o	3^o	4^o	5^o	Dif. 5-1
2007	150,53	154,72	163,61	174,75	188,41	37,9
2009	151,97	160,58	172,69	186,05	198,58	46,6
2011	159,20	167,21	178,83	192,26	206,58	47,4
2013	158,21	168,26	182,09	198,44	214,52	56,3
2015	171,97	181,69	194,63	209,36	223,83	51,9
2017	180,18	190,61	203,39	217,29	230,98	50,8
2019	180,69	191,37	203,18	215,91	230,11	49,4

Ano Saeb	Quintil do NSE da escola
Ano Saeb	1^o	2^o	3^o	4^o	5^o	Dif. 5-1
2007	206,33	211,61	220,58	228,67	240,54	34,2
2009	210,83	221,36	231,47	239,74	250,98	40,1
2011	210,83	221,36	231,33	240,92	252,75	41,9
2013	215,31	224,66	233,98	241,30	252,03	36,7
2015	224,86	233,24	241,51	248,53	260,26	35,4
2017	231,42	241,46	249,73	258,12	270,38	39,0
2019	234,16	243,27	249,74	257,42	270,36	36,2

Ano Saeb	Quintil do NSE da escola
Ano Saeb	1^o	2^o	3^o	4^o	5^o	Razão1/5
2007	52,11	46,73	37,25	27,72	18,27	2,9
2009	52,76	42,59	30,84	21,02	14,19	3,7
2011	45,61	36,83	26,64	18,11	11,28	4,0
2013	49,63	38,77	26,92	16,70	9,88	5,0
2015	35,24	26,12	16,66	9,84	5,41	6,5
2017	30,31	21,70	13,42	7,56	4,29	7,1
2019	31,41	22,41	14,45	8,91	4,96	6,3

Ano Saeb	Quintil do NSE da escola
Ano Saeb	1^o	2^o	3^o	4^o	5^o	Razão1/5
2007	45,50	40,59	32,37	26,31	19,05	2,4
2009	41,23	31,85	24,50	20,07	14,48	2,8
2011	41,48	31,79	24,48	19,33	13,36	3,1
2013	39,63	31,27	25,14	21,68	16,31	2,4
2015	30,40	23,92	19,33	16,83	11,99	2,5
2017	27,32	20,06	15,50	12,49	8,41	3,2
2019	25,84	19,59	16,20	13,38	9,10	2,8

Etapa (*)	Ideb 2005	Ideb 2007	Ideb 2009	Ideb 2011	Ideb 2013	Ideb 2015	Ideb 2017	Ideb 2019
NSE AI	0,726	0,721	0,717	0,694	0,707	0,668	0,643	0,612
NSE AF	0,57	0,575	0,546	0,556	0,502	0,495	0,516	0,491
NSE EM	–	–	–	–	–	–	0,612	0,483

Centro de Estudos de Opinião Pública da Universidade Estadual de Campinas Cidade Universitária 'Zeferino Vaz", CESOP, Rua Cora Coralina, 100. Prédio dos Centros e Núcleos (IFCH-Unicamp), CEP: 13083-896 Campinas - São Paulo - Brasil, Tel.: (55 19) 3521-7093 - Campinas - SP - Brazil
E-mail: rop@unicamp.br

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