Avaliação de desempenho de redes de pequenas empresas: contribuições da abordagem da produção de sentido

Wegner, Douglas; Misocsky, Maria Ceci

doi:10.1590/S1984-92302010000200007

Resumos

Este artigo discute a avaliação de desempenho das redes interorganizacionais, com base em uma abordagem interpretativista que oferece uma concepção particular sobre as organizações e sobre como se constituem a partir da produção de sentido, realizada pelos sujeitos que as compõem. Toma-se como argumento o fato de que o processo de produção de sentido dentro das redes e entre redes diferentes faz com que o sentido da relação cooperativa seja distinto para os participantes. A contribuição da abordagem interpretativista para a avaliação de desempenho em redes de empresas implica aceitar a dimensão da subjetividade, já que a produção de sentidos diferentes influencia, também, as percepções dos empresários nos processos de avaliação dos resultados do arranjo cooperativo. O artigo propõe um modelo de avaliação de desempenho de redes de empresas, aceitando e incorporando uma abordagem processual e incluindo a abordagem interpretativista da produção de sentido.

Redes de pequenas empresas; Redes interorganizacionais; Avaliação de desempenho; Abordagem interpretativista; Produção de sentido

This paper discusses the performance evaluation of interorganizational networks from an interpretative approach, which offers a particular concept about organizations and how they are formed based on the sensemaking of its individuals. We take as argument that the sensemaking process within and between business networks causes different perspectives about the meaning of cooperative relationships among the individual participants. The contribution of the interpretative approach to network performance evaluation allows accepting the subjective dimension of these organizational forms, as the production of different meanings also affect the entrepreneurs' perceptions in evaluating the results of the cooperative arrangement. This paper proposes a model of network performance evaluation, accepting and incorporating a procedural approach and integrating the interpretative approach of sensemaking. Impossible to correct this one, I suspect the Port is just as bad.

Small-firm networks; Interorganizational networks; Performance evaluation; Interpretative approach; Sensemaking

ARTIGOS

Avaliação de desempenho de redes de pequenas empresas: contribuições da abordagem da produção de sentido

Performance evaluation of small-firm networks: contributions of the interpretative approach

Douglas Wegner^I; Maria Ceci Misocsky^II

^IDoutorando em Administração no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Administração da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul PPGA/UFRGS. Endereço: Rua Adão de Moura, 581, Bairro Universitário, Santa Cruz do Sul (RS) CEP 96815-544. E-mail: dwegner@ea.ufrgs.br

^IIDoutora em Administração pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Administração da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul PPGA/UFRGS. Professora do PPGA/UFRGS. E-mail: mcamisoczky@ea.ufrgs.br

RESUMO

Este artigo discute a avaliação de desempenho das redes interorganizacionais, com base em uma abordagem interpretativista que oferece uma concepção particular sobre as organizações e sobre como se constituem a partir da produção de sentido, realizada pelos sujeitos que as compõem. Toma-se como argumento o fato de que o processo de produção de sentido dentro das redes e entre redes diferentes faz com que o sentido da relação cooperativa seja distinto para os participantes. A contribuição da abordagem interpretativista para a avaliação de desempenho em redes de empresas implica aceitar a dimensão da subjetividade, já que a produção de sentidos diferentes influencia, também, as percepções dos empresários nos processos de avaliação dos resultados do arranjo cooperativo. O artigo propõe um modelo de avaliação de desempenho de redes de empresas, aceitando e incorporando uma abordagem processual e incluindo a abordagem interpretativista da produção de sentido.

Palavras-chave: Redes de pequenas empresas. Redes interorganizacionais. Avaliação de desempenho. Abordagem interpretativista. Produção de sentido.

ABSTRACT

This paper discusses the performance evaluation of interorganizational networks from an interpretative approach, which offers a particular concept about organizations and how they are formed based on the sensemaking of its individuals. We take as argument that the sensemaking process within and between business networks causes different perspectives about the meaning of cooperative relationships among the individual participants. The contribution of the interpretative approach to network performance evaluation allows accepting the subjective dimension of these organizational forms, as the production of different meanings also affect the entrepreneurs' perceptions in evaluating the results of the cooperative arrangement. This paper proposes a model of network performance evaluation, accepting and incorporating a procedural approach and integrating the interpretative approach of sensemaking. Impossible to correct this one, I suspect the Port is just as bad.

Keywords: Small-firm networks. Interorganizational networks. Performance evaluation. Interpretative approach. Sensemaking.

Texto completo disponivel apenas em PDF.

Full text avaliable only in PDF

Artigo recebido em 13/10/2008. Artigo aprovado, na sua versão final, em 07/05/2010.

ANDERSON, M.H. How can we know what we think until we see what we said? A citation and citation context analysis of Karl Weick's The social psychology of organizing. Organization Studies, v.27, n. 11, p. 1675-1692, 2006.
BACHMANN, R. Trust, power and control in trans-organization relations. Organization Studies, v. 22, n.2, p. 337, 2001.
BAKKEN, T.; HERNES, T. Organizing is both a verb and a noun: Weick meets Whitehead. Organization Studies, v. 27, n.11, p. 1599-1616, 2006.
BÖHE, D.M.; SILVA, K.M. O dilema do crescimento em redes de cooperação o caso da Panimel. In: VERSCHOORE, J.R.S. Redes de cooperação: uma nova organização de pequenas e médias empresas no Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre: FEE, 2004. p. 157-182.
CASAROTTO F°, N.; PIRES, L. H. Redes de pequenas e médias empresas e desenvolvimento local. São Paulo: Atlas, 1998.
CEGLIE, G.; DINI, M. SME cluster and network development in developing countries: the experience of UNIDO. United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), 1999.
CHILD, J. Learning through strategic alliances. In: DIERKES, M. et al. Organizational learning and knowledge. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001. p. 657-680.
CHILD, J.; FAULKNER, D. Strategies of co-operation: managing alliances, networks and joint-ventures. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998. Chapter 2, p. 17-44: Different Perspectives.
DYER, J.H.; SINGH, H. The relational view: cooperative strategy and sources of interorganizational competitive advantage. Academy of management, v. 23, n. 4, p. 660-679, 1998.
FRYXELL, G.E.; DOOLEY, R.S.; VRYZA, M. After the Ink Dries: the interaction of trust and control in us-based international joint ventures. Journal of Management Studies, v. 39, n.6, p. 865-886, 2002.
GEERSBRO, J. Sensemaking in business networks making sense of business networks. Working Paper. Copenhagen, 2004.
GIOIA, D. On Weick: an appreciation. Organization Studies, v. 27, n. 11, p. 17091721, 2006.
GRANOVETTER, M. The strength of weak ties: a network analysis revisited. In: MARSDEN, P; LIN, N. (Eds.) Social structural and network analysis. London: Sage, 1982. p.481-510.
GRAY, B.; BOUGON, M.G.; DONNELLON, A. Organizations as constructions and destructions of meaning. Journal of Management, v. 2, n. 11, p. 83-98, 1985.
HARRIGAN, K. R. Joint ventures and competitive strategy. Strategic Management Journal, v. 9, p. 141158, 1988.
HENNEBERG, S.C.; NAUDÉ, P.; MOUZAS, S. Sense-making and management in business networks some observations, considerations, and a research agenda. Industrial Marketing Management. No prelo.
HUMPHREY, J.; SCHMITZ, H.. Principles for promoting clusters & networks of SMEs. United Nations Industrial Development Organization UNIDO. Discussion Paper No. 1. Vienna, 1995. Disponível em <http://unido.org/userfiles/russof/humphrey.pdf>. Acesso em 20 jun 2007.
JUNQUEIRA, L.; MISOCZKY, M. C. Redes sociais: apresentação. Revista de Administração Pública, v.43, n.5, p. 1003-1005, 2009.
JOHNSON, J.C.; ORBACH, M.K. Perceiving the political landscape: egos biases in cognitive political networks. Social Network, n.24, p.291-310, 2002.
KILDUFF, M.; TSAI, W. Social networks and organizations. London: Sage, 2003.
KRACKHARDT, D. Cognitive social structures. Social Networks, n.9, p.109-134, 1987.
KRISHNAN, R.; MARTIN, X.; NOORDERHAVEN, N.G. When does trust matter to alliance performance? Academy of Management Journal, v. 49, n. 5, p. 894917, 2006.
LEWIN, K. Field theory in social science: selected theoretical papers. New York: Harper, 1951.
MJOEN, H.; TALLMAN, S. Control and performance in international joint ventures. Organization Science, v. 8, n.3, p. 257274, 1997.
MOHR, J.; SPEKMAN, R. Characteristics of partnership success: partnership attributes, communication behavior, and conflict resolution techniques. Strategic Management Journal, v. 15, n. 2, p. 135152, 1994.
NADVI, K. Industrial clusters and networks: case studies of SME growth and innovation. Vienna: United Nations Industrial Development Organization, 1995. Disponível em <http://www.unido.org/en/doc/3497>. Acesso em 25 jun 2007.
NEELY, A. The performance measurement revolution: why now and what next? International Journal of Operations & Production Management, Bradford, v. 2, n. 19, p. 205-225, 1999.
PARKHE, A. Strategic alliance structuring: a game theory and transaction cost examination of interfirm cooperation. Academy of Management Journal, v. 36, n.4, p. 794829, 1993.
PARUNG, J.; BITITCI, U.S. A conceptual metric for managing collaborative networks. Journal of Modelling in Management, v. 2, n.1, p. 116-136, 2006.
PODOLNY, J.M.; PAGE, K.L. Network forms of organization. Annual Review of Sociology, v. 24, p. 57-76, 1998.
PROVAN, K.; MILWARD, H.B. Do networks really work? A framework for evaluating public-sector organizational networks. Public Administration Review, v. 61, n. 4, p. 414-423, 2001.
PROVAN, K.G.; MILWARD, H.B. A Preliminary theory of interorganizational network effectiveness: a comparative study of four community mental health systems. Administrative Science Quarterly, v. 40, p.1-33, 1995.
PROVAN, K.G.; SYDOW, J. Evaluating inter-organizational relationships. In: CROPPER, S.; EBERS, M.; HUXHAM, C.; RING, P.S. The Oxford handbook of interorganizational relations. New York: Oxford University Press, 2008. p. 691-716.
RIPOLL, C.L.C. Redes empresariales. Experiencias en la Region Andina. Trujillo (Peru): Minka, 2003.
RUSSO, F. Development of clusters and networks of SMEs: the UNIDO Program. Manama: UNIDO, 2002.
SIMSEK, Z.; LUBATKIN, M.H.; FLOYD, S.W. Inter-firm networks and entrepreneurial behavior: a structural embeddedness perspective. Journal of Management, v. 29, n. 3, p. 427442, 2003.
SMIRCICH, L.; STUBBART, C. Strategic management in an enacted world. The Academy of Management Review. v.4, n.10, p. 724-738, 1985.
SYDOW, J. Network development by means of network evaluation? Explorative insights from a case in the financial services industry. Human Relations, v. 57, n. 2, 201-220, 2004.
SYDOW, J. Understanding the constitution of interorganizational trust. In: BACHMANN, R.; LANE, C. (Orgs.). Trust within and between organizations. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998. p. 31-62.
SYDOW, J.; MILWARD, H.B. Reviewing the evaluation perspective: on criteria, occasions, procedures, and practices. Special Interest Group (SIG) on Interorganizational Relations (IOR), 10^th International Conference on Multi-Organisational Partnerships, Alliances and Networks (MOPAN), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, June 27, 2003.
TODEVA, E. Business networks: strategy and structure. London: Toutledge, 2006.
VERSCHOORE, J.R.; BALESTRIN, A. Fatores relevantes para o estabelecimento de redes de cooperação entre empresas do Rio Grande do Sul. Revista de Administração Contemporânea, v.12, n.4, p. 1043-1069, 2008.
VERSCHOORE, J.R.S. Redes de cooperação: concepções teóricas e verificações empíricas. In: VERSCHOORE, J.R.S. Redes de cooperação: uma nova organização de pequenas e médias empresas no Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre: FEE, 2004. p. 15-46.
WATZLAWICK, P. A realidade inventada. Campinas: Editorial Psy II, 1994.
WEGNER, D. Redes horizontais de empresas no Rio Grande do Sul: um estudo dos fatores influentes na formação e desenvolvimento. 2005. Dissertação. Mestrado em Administração - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Administração,.Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2005.
WEICK, K. E. The social psychology of organizing. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1969.
WEICK, K. E. Sensemaking in organizations. London: Sage, 1995.
WEICK, K.E. Substitutes for strategy. In: TEECE, D. J. The competitive challenge: strategies for industrial innovation and renewal. New York: Harper & Row, 1987. p. 221-233.
WILEY, N. The micro-macro problem in Social Theory. Sociological Theory, v. 6 (Fall), p. 254-261, 1988.
WITTMANN, M. L.; DOTTO, D. M. R. ; WEGNER, D. Redes de empresas: um estudo de redes de cooperação do Vale do Rio Pardo e Taquari no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. REDES - Revista do Desenvolvimento Regional, v. 13, p. 160-180, 2008.
ZAHEER, A.; McEVILY, B.; PERRONE, V. Does trust matter? Exploring the effects of interorganizational and interpersonal trust on performance. Organization Science, v. 9, n.2, p. 141159, 1998.
ZINELDIN, M; DODOUROVA, M. Motivation, achievements and failure of strategic alliances: the case of Swedish auto-manufacturers in Russia. European Business Review, v. 17, n.5, p. 460-470, 2005.

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
05 Set 2014
Data do Fascículo
Jun 2010

Histórico

Recebido
13 Out 2008
Aceito
07 Maio 2010

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] ANDERSON, M.H. How can we know what we think until we see what we said? A citation and citation context analysis of Karl Weick's The social psychology of organizing. Organization Studies, v.27, n. 11, p. 1675-1692, 2006.

[2] BACHMANN, R. Trust, power and control in trans-organization relations. Organization Studies, v. 22, n.2, p. 337, 2001.

[3] BAKKEN, T.; HERNES, T. Organizing is both a verb and a noun: Weick meets Whitehead. Organization Studies, v. 27, n.11, p. 1599-1616, 2006.

[4] BÖHE, D.M.; SILVA, K.M. O dilema do crescimento em redes de cooperação o caso da Panimel. In: VERSCHOORE, J.R.S. Redes de cooperação: uma nova organização de pequenas e médias empresas no Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre: FEE, 2004. p. 157-182.

[5] CASAROTTO F°, N.; PIRES, L. H. Redes de pequenas e médias empresas e desenvolvimento local. São Paulo: Atlas, 1998.

[6] CEGLIE, G.; DINI, M. SME cluster and network development in developing countries: the experience of UNIDO. United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), 1999.

[7] CHILD, J. Learning through strategic alliances. In: DIERKES, M. et al. Organizational learning and knowledge. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001. p. 657-680.

[8] CHILD, J.; FAULKNER, D. Strategies of co-operation: managing alliances, networks and joint-ventures. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998. Chapter 2, p. 17-44: Different Perspectives.

[9] DYER, J.H.; SINGH, H. The relational view: cooperative strategy and sources of interorganizational competitive advantage. Academy of management, v. 23, n. 4, p. 660-679, 1998.

[10] FRYXELL, G.E.; DOOLEY, R.S.; VRYZA, M. After the Ink Dries: the interaction of trust and control in us-based international joint ventures. Journal of Management Studies, v. 39, n.6, p. 865-886, 2002.

[11] GEERSBRO, J. Sensemaking in business networks making sense of business networks. Working Paper. Copenhagen, 2004.

[12] GIOIA, D. On Weick: an appreciation. Organization Studies, v. 27, n. 11, p. 17091721, 2006.

[13] GRANOVETTER, M. The strength of weak ties: a network analysis revisited. In: MARSDEN, P; LIN, N. (Eds.) Social structural and network analysis. London: Sage, 1982. p.481-510.

[14] GRAY, B.; BOUGON, M.G.; DONNELLON, A. Organizations as constructions and destructions of meaning. Journal of Management, v. 2, n. 11, p. 83-98, 1985.

[15] HARRIGAN, K. R. Joint ventures and competitive strategy. Strategic Management Journal, v. 9, p. 141158, 1988.

[16] HENNEBERG, S.C.; NAUDÉ, P.; MOUZAS, S. Sense-making and management in business networks some observations, considerations, and a research agenda. Industrial Marketing Management. No prelo.

[17] HUMPHREY, J.; SCHMITZ, H.. Principles for promoting clusters & networks of SMEs. United Nations Industrial Development Organization UNIDO. Discussion Paper No. 1. Vienna, 1995. Disponível em <http://unido.org/userfiles/russof/humphrey.pdf>. Acesso em 20 jun 2007.

[18] JUNQUEIRA, L.; MISOCZKY, M. C. Redes sociais: apresentação. Revista de Administração Pública, v.43, n.5, p. 1003-1005, 2009.

[19] JOHNSON, J.C.; ORBACH, M.K. Perceiving the political landscape: egos biases in cognitive political networks. Social Network, n.24, p.291-310, 2002.

[20] KILDUFF, M.; TSAI, W. Social networks and organizations. London: Sage, 2003.

[21] KRACKHARDT, D. Cognitive social structures. Social Networks, n.9, p.109-134, 1987.

[22] KRISHNAN, R.; MARTIN, X.; NOORDERHAVEN, N.G. When does trust matter to alliance performance? Academy of Management Journal, v. 49, n. 5, p. 894917, 2006.

[23] LEWIN, K. Field theory in social science: selected theoretical papers. New York: Harper, 1951.

[24] MJOEN, H.; TALLMAN, S. Control and performance in international joint ventures. Organization Science, v. 8, n.3, p. 257274, 1997.

[25] MOHR, J.; SPEKMAN, R. Characteristics of partnership success: partnership attributes, communication behavior, and conflict resolution techniques. Strategic Management Journal, v. 15, n. 2, p. 135152, 1994.

[26] NADVI, K. Industrial clusters and networks: case studies of SME growth and innovation. Vienna: United Nations Industrial Development Organization, 1995. Disponível em <http://www.unido.org/en/doc/3497>. Acesso em 25 jun 2007.

[27] NEELY, A. The performance measurement revolution: why now and what next? International Journal of Operations & Production Management, Bradford, v. 2, n. 19, p. 205-225, 1999.

[28] PARKHE, A. Strategic alliance structuring: a game theory and transaction cost examination of interfirm cooperation. Academy of Management Journal, v. 36, n.4, p. 794829, 1993.

[29] PARUNG, J.; BITITCI, U.S. A conceptual metric for managing collaborative networks. Journal of Modelling in Management, v. 2, n.1, p. 116-136, 2006.

[30] PODOLNY, J.M.; PAGE, K.L. Network forms of organization. Annual Review of Sociology, v. 24, p. 57-76, 1998.

[31] PROVAN, K.; MILWARD, H.B. Do networks really work? A framework for evaluating public-sector organizational networks. Public Administration Review, v. 61, n. 4, p. 414-423, 2001.

[32] PROVAN, K.G.; MILWARD, H.B. A Preliminary theory of interorganizational network effectiveness: a comparative study of four community mental health systems. Administrative Science Quarterly, v. 40, p.1-33, 1995.

[33] PROVAN, K.G.; SYDOW, J. Evaluating inter-organizational relationships. In: CROPPER, S.; EBERS, M.; HUXHAM, C.; RING, P.S. The Oxford handbook of interorganizational relations. New York: Oxford University Press, 2008. p. 691-716.

[34] RIPOLL, C.L.C. Redes empresariales. Experiencias en la Region Andina. Trujillo (Peru): Minka, 2003.

[35] RUSSO, F. Development of clusters and networks of SMEs: the UNIDO Program. Manama: UNIDO, 2002.

[36] SIMSEK, Z.; LUBATKIN, M.H.; FLOYD, S.W. Inter-firm networks and entrepreneurial behavior: a structural embeddedness perspective. Journal of Management, v. 29, n. 3, p. 427442, 2003.

[37] SMIRCICH, L.; STUBBART, C. Strategic management in an enacted world. The Academy of Management Review. v.4, n.10, p. 724-738, 1985.

[38] SYDOW, J. Network development by means of network evaluation? Explorative insights from a case in the financial services industry. Human Relations, v. 57, n. 2, 201-220, 2004.

[39] SYDOW, J. Understanding the constitution of interorganizational trust. In: BACHMANN, R.; LANE, C. (Orgs.). Trust within and between organizations. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998. p. 31-62.

[40] SYDOW, J.; MILWARD, H.B. Reviewing the evaluation perspective: on criteria, occasions, procedures, and practices. Special Interest Group (SIG) on Interorganizational Relations (IOR), 10^th International Conference on Multi-Organisational Partnerships, Alliances and Networks (MOPAN), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, June 27, 2003.

[41] TODEVA, E. Business networks: strategy and structure. London: Toutledge, 2006.

[42] VERSCHOORE, J.R.; BALESTRIN, A. Fatores relevantes para o estabelecimento de redes de cooperação entre empresas do Rio Grande do Sul. Revista de Administração Contemporânea, v.12, n.4, p. 1043-1069, 2008.

[43] VERSCHOORE, J.R.S. Redes de cooperação: concepções teóricas e verificações empíricas. In: VERSCHOORE, J.R.S. Redes de cooperação: uma nova organização de pequenas e médias empresas no Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre: FEE, 2004. p. 15-46.

[44] WATZLAWICK, P. A realidade inventada. Campinas: Editorial Psy II, 1994.

[45] WEGNER, D. Redes horizontais de empresas no Rio Grande do Sul: um estudo dos fatores influentes na formação e desenvolvimento. 2005. Dissertação. Mestrado em Administração - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Administração,.Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2005.

[46] WEICK, K. E. The social psychology of organizing. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1969.

[47] WEICK, K. E. Sensemaking in organizations. London: Sage, 1995.

[48] WEICK, K.E. Substitutes for strategy. In: TEECE, D. J. The competitive challenge: strategies for industrial innovation and renewal. New York: Harper & Row, 1987. p. 221-233.

[49] WILEY, N. The micro-macro problem in Social Theory. Sociological Theory, v. 6 (Fall), p. 254-261, 1988.

[50] WITTMANN, M. L.; DOTTO, D. M. R. ; WEGNER, D. Redes de empresas: um estudo de redes de cooperação do Vale do Rio Pardo e Taquari no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. REDES - Revista do Desenvolvimento Regional, v. 13, p. 160-180, 2008.

[51] ZAHEER, A.; McEVILY, B.; PERRONE, V. Does trust matter? Exploring the effects of interorganizational and interpersonal trust on performance. Organization Science, v. 9, n.2, p. 141159, 1998.

[52] ZINELDIN, M; DODOUROVA, M. Motivation, achievements and failure of strategic alliances: the case of Swedish auto-manufacturers in Russia. European Business Review, v. 17, n.5, p. 460-470, 2005.

Brasil

Brasil

Avaliação de desempenho de redes de pequenas empresas: contribuições da abordagem da produção de sentido

Performance evaluation of small-firm networks: contributions of the interpretative approach

Resumos

Datas de Publicação

Histórico