In some boron deficient crops, less lignin build up has been observed in xylem elements, which have thinner and weaker walls and also a lower translocation of carbohydrates from leaves to other plant organs. In order to detect these anatomical changes in the xylem of very flexible stem of rubber trees (Hevea spp.) displaying boron deficiency symptoms, a comparative anatomical study was made of the wall thickness, the degree of lignin and cellulose deposition as well as starch grain concentration in the wood parenchyma. No difference was found in thickness and lignin deposition in the walls of xylem elements of normal and boron deficient plants. However, the middle lamella of deficient plants was much thinner, with less intensive staining, reflecting a low supply of calcium pectate, which promotes the adhesion between cells and has its synthesis impaired by boron deficiency. The cause of the flexibility was considered to be due to a lower cohesion between cells.
Hevea; lignification; plant anatomy; xylem
