This article presents a critical revision of literature in the field of sociological studies about family and school relationships, starting from researches done in Brazil and abroad. The constitutive differences of brotherhood are discussed, specially the role of the so called demographic variations of the family- composition, size, birth order and children's gender-confronted with the formation of each school history as to its possibilities of bigger or less success. It is concluded that, even among siblings, differences may occur to their schooling based on the fact that each one occupies a singular position in their family environment. The necessity of bigger studies in the area is then highlighted.
schooling; family; demographic variations