Appropriate hydration period and chemical agent improve priming in brachiaria seeds

Batista, Thiago Barbosa; Binotti, Flávio Ferreira da Silva; Cardoso, Eliana Duarte; Costa, Edilson; Nascimento, Daniele Maria do

doi:10.1590/1983-40632016v4638422

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Scientific Articles • Pesqui. Agropecu. Trop. 46 (3) • Jul-Sep 2016 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632016v4638422 copy

Appropriate hydration period and chemical agent improve priming in brachiaria seeds

Período de hidratação e agente químico adequados beneficiam o condicionamento fisiológico em sementes de braquiária

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Priming is an alternative to improve the performance of seeds that have germination problems, such as Urochloa brizantha seeds. This study aimed at evaluating the appropriate hydration period and chemical agents used for priming, via direct immersion, in the physiological quality and carbohydrate content of U. brizantha seeds. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 3 x 4 factorial arrangement, with four replicates of each treatment, consisting of lower, median and higher hydration periods, in the phase II of the absorption curve, and agents used for priming: water, gibberellin, sucrose and antioxidant (riboflavin). Germination and vigor tests were carried out, as well as carbohydrate contents determination, in the seeds. It was observed that seeds hydrated in the lower period show higher physiological potential. Priming with gibberellin provides a greater seedling emergence, and with sucrose higher carbohydrate contents.

KEY-WORDS:
Urochoa brizantha; gibberellin; sucrose; riboflavin

Substance	Period (h)
Substance	Lower	Median	Higher
Water	3	8	13
Sucrose	4	9	13
Riboflavin	3	8	13
Gibberellin	5	10	14

Hydration period	Agents used in priming
Hydration period	Water (control)	Gibberellin	Sucrose	Antioxidant
Germination speed index
Lower	9.86 abB^A A Averages followed by different and capital letters, in the rows, differ statistically from each other by the Tukey test, at 5 %.	14.87 aA	12.24 abAB	14.54 aA
Median	12.38 aA	12.33 aA	14.14 aA	12.83 aA
Higher	8.16 bA	8.98 bA	10.39 bA	8.82 bA
CV (%)	14.04
F	3.00^* *, and ns: significant at 1 % and 5 % and non-significant, respectively.
Emergence speed index
Lower	12.35 aA	13.25 aA	12.68 aA	12.61 aA
Median	10.80 aAB	9.27 bB	12.23 aA	11 abAB
Higher	8.15 bB	9.92 Bab	11.38 aA	10.36 bA
CV (%)	9.77
F	3.17^* *, and ns: significant at 1 % and 5 % and non-significant, respectively.
Accelerated aging (%)
Lower	82 aAB	88 aA	74 Ab	86 aA
Median	79 aA	83 abA	82 aA	87 aA
Higher	76 aA	76 bA	84 aA	80 aA
CV (%)	7.17
F	2.61^* *, and ns: significant at 1 % and 5 % and non-significant, respectively.

Hydration period		Germination		Remaining seeds (%)		Emergence (%)
Hydration period		FGC	TG	Viable	Unviable	FEC	TE
Lower		82 a^A A Averages followed by different letters, in the column, differ statistically from each other by the Tukey test, at 5 %.	88 a	1 b	11	80 a	83
Median		82 a	86 ab	2 ab	12	80 a	83
Higher		72 b	82 b	5 a	13	73 b	79
Agents used in priming
Water (control)		80	88	3	7 b	73 b	78 b
Gibberellin		77	83	1	14 a	85 a	88 a
Sucrose		78	85	2	11 ab	77 b	81 b
Antioxidant		81	85	3	9 ab	75 b	80 b
F	Period	10.74^ , * and ns: significant at 1 % and 5 % and nonsignificant, respectively.	4.37^* *, and ns: significant at 1 % and 5 % and nonsignificant, respectively.	9.05^ , * and ns: significant at 1 % and 5 % and nonsignificant, respectively.	0.53^ns *, and ns: significant at 1 % and 5 % and nonsignificant, respectively.	4.95^* *, and ns: significant at 1 % and 5 % and nonsignificant, respectively.	2.38^ns *, and ns: significant at 1 % and 5 % and nonsignificant, respectively.
F	Priming	0.74^ns *, and ns: significant at 1 % and 5 % and nonsignificant, respectively.	1.784^ns *, and ns: significant at 1 % and 5 % and nonsignificant, respectively.	1.47^ns *, and ns: significant at 1 % and 5 % and nonsignificant, respectively.	4.42^ , * and ns: significant at 1 % and 5 % and nonsignificant, respectively.	6.71^ , * and ns: significant at 1 % and 5 % and nonsignificant, respectively.	5.50^ , * and ns: significant at 1 % and 5 % and nonsignificant, respectively.
CV (%)		8.79	7.07	52.31	47.55	8.91	7.43

Hydration period		Dry phytomass (mg seedling^-1)	Carbohydrates (g g^-1)
Hydration period		Dry phytomass (mg seedling^-1)	Free sugar	Soluble polysaccharides
Lower		36.87 a^A A Averages followed by different letters, in the column, differ statistically from each other by the Tukey test, at 5 %.	23.64 c	28.88
Median		33.81 b	43.02 b	28.75
Higher		31.00 c	48.98 a	31.34
Agents used in priming
Water (control)		34.16 ab	33.44 c	26.55 b
Gibberellin		31.83 b	40.13 b	27.93 b
Sucrose		36.25 a	45.40 a	35.98 a
Antioxidant		33.33 ab	35.21 bc	28.17 b
F	Periods	14.74^ , * and ns: significant at 1 % and 5 % and nonsignificant, respectively	136.37^ , * and ns: significant at 1 % and 5 % and nonsignificant, respectively	1.29 ^ns *, and ns: significant at 1 % and 5 % and nonsignificant, respectively
F	Priming	4.34^* *, and ns: significant at 1 % and 5 % and nonsignificant, respectively	16.83^ , * and ns: significant at 1 % and 5 % and nonsignificant, respectively	8.31^ , * and ns: significant at 1 % and 5 % and nonsignificant, respectively
CV (%)		9.03	11.77	17.33

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[TFN1] ^A
Averages followed by different and capital letters, in the rows, differ statistically from each other by the Tukey test, at 5 %.

[TFN2] **, * and ^ns: significant at 1 % and 5 % and non-significant, respectively.