Efeito do déficit hídrico e épocas de semeadura nos teores de óleo e proteína em soja coinoculada com <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i>

Naoe, Alessandra Maria de Lima; Peluzio, Joênes Mucci; Campos, Leonardo José Motta; Naoe, Lucas Koshy; Reina, Evandro

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Research Article • Pesqui. Agropecu. Trop. 51 • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632021v5166584 copiar

Efeito do déficit hídrico e épocas de semeadura nos teores de óleo e proteína em soja coinoculada com Azospirillum brasilense

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMO

A composição química dos grãos de soja é fortemente influenciada por fatores genéticos, bem como sua interação com o ambiente e práticas de manejo. Entre os fatores ambientais, o déficit hídrico e a temperatura são os que mais contribuem para alterar a composição química dos grãos, especialmente o conteúdo de óleo e proteína. Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos da coinoculação com Azospirillum brasilense sobre os teores de óleo e proteína da soja. Foram realizados dois experimentos em campo, em épocas de semeadura distintas. O delineamento utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, em esquema de parcelas subsubdivididas, com quatro repetições, composto por duas lâminas de irrigação (25 % e 100 % da ETc), dois métodos de inoculação [Bradyrhizobium japonicum (estirpes Semia 5079 e Semia 5080) e Azospirillum brasilense (estirpes AbV₅ e AbV₆ + Bradyrhizobium japonicum)] e duas cultivares (ANTA 82 e TMG 132). A coinoculação não afetou o teor de óleo e proteína dos grãos em nenhum dos manejos avaliados. O déficit hídrico no estádio reprodutivo, aliado às épocas de semeadura, alterou os teores de óleo e proteína nas duas cultivares avaliadas, apresentando, respectivamente, maior teor médio de proteína e óleo nos grãos para as cultivares TMG 132 e ANTA 82.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE:
Glycine max (L.) Merrill; rizobactéria; estresse abiótico

I	-------------------------------- Oil content (%) --------------------------------
	------------ ANTA 82 ------------		------------ TMG 132 ------------
	D1	D2	D1	D2
I1	23.32 aA1^* * Averages followed by the same lowercase letter in the column (irrigation depths) and uppercase letter in the row (sowing dates) belong to the same statistical group by the Scott-Knott test at 5 % of significance; while averages followed by the same number in the row (cultivars) belong to the same statistical group by the Scott-Knott test at 5 % of significance. I1: irrigation depth 1 (100 % of the ETc); I2: irrigation depth 2 (25 % of the ETc); D1: date 1; D2: date 2.	23.49 bA1	22.02 aA1	20.45 aB2
I2	22.01 bB1	25.12 aA1	23.18 aA1	20.19 aB2

I	-------------------------------- Protein content (%) --------------------------------
	------------ ANTA 82 ------------		------------ TMG 132 ------------
	D1	D2	D1	D2
I1	38.09 bA2^* * Averages followed by the same lowercase letter in the column and uppercase letter in the row belong to the same statistical group by the Scott-Knott test at 5 % of significance; while averages followed by the same number in the row belong to the same statistical group by the Scott-Knott test at 5 % of significance. I1: irrigation depth 1 (100 % of the ETc); I2: irrigation depth 2 (25 % of the ETc); D1: date 1; D2: date 2.	39.46 aA2	40.17 aA1	41.94 aA1
I2	40.50 aA71	35.98 bB2	38.871 aB2	42.00 aA1

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[TFN1] ^*
Significant at 0.05 of probability according to the F-test;

[TFN2] ^ns
not significant. SV: source of variation; DF: degree of freedom; CV: coefficient of variation.

SV	DF	-------------- Mean square --------------
SV	DF	OC (%)	PC (%)
D	1	1.20^ns ns not significant. SV: source of variation; DF: degree of freedom; CV: coefficient of variation.	2.10^ns ns not significant. SV: source of variation; DF: degree of freedom; CV: coefficient of variation.
Block	3	0.06^ns ns not significant. SV: source of variation; DF: degree of freedom; CV: coefficient of variation.	0.12^ns ns not significant. SV: source of variation; DF: degree of freedom; CV: coefficient of variation.
Error 1	3	0.12^ns ns not significant. SV: source of variation; DF: degree of freedom; CV: coefficient of variation.	0.33^ns ns not significant. SV: source of variation; DF: degree of freedom; CV: coefficient of variation.
I	1	1.147^ns ns not significant. SV: source of variation; DF: degree of freedom; CV: coefficient of variation.	3.76^ns ns not significant. SV: source of variation; DF: degree of freedom; CV: coefficient of variation.
I x D	1	1.70^ns ns not significant. SV: source of variation; DF: degree of freedom; CV: coefficient of variation.	15.95^* * Significant at 0.05 of probability according to the F-test;
Error 2	6	0.34^ns ns not significant. SV: source of variation; DF: degree of freedom; CV: coefficient of variation.	0.87^ns ns not significant. SV: source of variation; DF: degree of freedom; CV: coefficient of variation.
IM	1	1.42^ns ns not significant. SV: source of variation; DF: degree of freedom; CV: coefficient of variation.	0.045^ns ns not significant. SV: source of variation; DF: degree of freedom; CV: coefficient of variation.
IM x I	1	5.65^ns ns not significant. SV: source of variation; DF: degree of freedom; CV: coefficient of variation.	6.65^ns ns not significant. SV: source of variation; DF: degree of freedom; CV: coefficient of variation.
IM x D	1	0.82^ns ns not significant. SV: source of variation; DF: degree of freedom; CV: coefficient of variation.	1.46^ns ns not significant. SV: source of variation; DF: degree of freedom; CV: coefficient of variation.
IM x I x D	1	0.48^ns ns not significant. SV: source of variation; DF: degree of freedom; CV: coefficient of variation.	1.02^ns ns not significant. SV: source of variation; DF: degree of freedom; CV: coefficient of variation.
Error 3	6	1.96^ns ns not significant. SV: source of variation; DF: degree of freedom; CV: coefficient of variation.	3.70^ns ns not significant. SV: source of variation; DF: degree of freedom; CV: coefficient of variation.
C	1	49.28**	59.25**
C x D	1	45.98**	49.51**
C x I	1	0.26^ns ns not significant. SV: source of variation; DF: degree of freedom; CV: coefficient of variation.	0.04^ns ns not significant. SV: source of variation; DF: degree of freedom; CV: coefficient of variation.
C x IM	1	0.11^ns ns not significant. SV: source of variation; DF: degree of freedom; CV: coefficient of variation.	0.00^ns ns not significant. SV: source of variation; DF: degree of freedom; CV: coefficient of variation.
C x D x I	1	14.30**	40.09**
C x IM x I	1	2.53^ns ns not significant. SV: source of variation; DF: degree of freedom; CV: coefficient of variation.	4.45^ns ns not significant. SV: source of variation; DF: degree of freedom; CV: coefficient of variation.
C x IM x D	1	0.29^ns ns not significant. SV: source of variation; DF: degree of freedom; CV: coefficient of variation.	0.15^ns ns not significant. SV: source of variation; DF: degree of freedom; CV: coefficient of variation.
Error 4	31	0.97^ns ns not significant. SV: source of variation; DF: degree of freedom; CV: coefficient of variation.	2.16^ns ns not significant. SV: source of variation; DF: degree of freedom; CV: coefficient of variation.
CV₁ (%)		1.60	1.45
CV₂ (%)		2.62	2.37
CV₃ (%)		6.23	4.86
CV₄ (%)		4.40	3.71