Resina vegetal como estratégia de cultivo sob déficit hídrico

Pimenta, Amanda Maria Leal; Santos, Silvânio Rodrigues dos; Delvaux Júnior, Nelson de Abreu; Kondo, Marcos Koiti; Aspiazú, Ignacio

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Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical

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Research Article • Pesq. Agropec. Trop. 51 • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632021v5167901 copiar

Resina vegetal como estratégia de cultivo sob déficit hídrico

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMO

Alternativas que possibilitem a melhoria da retenção de água no solo devem ser buscadas visando maior aproveitamento de água por plantas cultivadas. Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de doses de resina vegetal natural e estratégias de irrigação nas culturas do algodão (ciclo intermediário) e rabanete (ciclo curto). Foram desenvolvidos dois experimentos, em fatorial 5 x 5, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com três repetições e cinco doses de resina vegetal (0; 0,67; 1,33; 2,00; e 2,67 g planta^-1), cinco tensões de água no solo (15; 30; 45; 60; e 75 kPa) para o algodoeiro e cinco reposições de água (40; 60; 80; 100; e 120 % da ETc) para o rabanete. Aos 93 dias após a semeadura (DAS), foram avaliados a altura, diâmetro de caule e número de folhas do algodoeiro. Aos 30 DAS, foram medidos a altura, diâmetro de raiz e número de folhas do rabanete, bem como quantificada a matéria seca da parte aérea e das raízes de ambas as culturas. A resina vegetal reduz a suscetibilidade da cultura ao déficit hídrico, com a dose máxima de 2,7 g planta^-1 sendo recomendada para se obter melhor desenvolvimento das plantas. A resina aumenta a eficiência do uso de água nas culturas de algodão e rabanete, correspondendo a até 0,68 g L^-1 e 69,6 g L^-1, respectivamente.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE:
Gossypium hirsutum ; Raphanus raphanistrum ; irrigação

pH¹ 1 pH in water;2 Extractor: Mehlich-1;3 Extractor: KCl 1 mol L-1;4 pH SMP;5 Extractor: CaCl2;6 Extractor: Ca(H2PO4) 2, 500 mg L-1 of P in HOAc 2 mol L-1; SB: sum of bases; CECe: effective cation exchange capacity; CEC: cation exchange capacity at pH 7; BS: base saturation; AS: aluminum saturation.	P² 1 pH in water;2 Extractor: Mehlich-1;3 Extractor: KCl 1 mol L-1;4 pH SMP;5 Extractor: CaCl2;6 Extractor: Ca(H2PO4) 2, 500 mg L-1 of P in HOAc 2 mol L-1; SB: sum of bases; CECe: effective cation exchange capacity; CEC: cation exchange capacity at pH 7; BS: base saturation; AS: aluminum saturation.	K² 1 pH in water;2 Extractor: Mehlich-1;3 Extractor: KCl 1 mol L-1;4 pH SMP;5 Extractor: CaCl2;6 Extractor: Ca(H2PO4) 2, 500 mg L-1 of P in HOAc 2 mol L-1; SB: sum of bases; CECe: effective cation exchange capacity; CEC: cation exchange capacity at pH 7; BS: base saturation; AS: aluminum saturation.	Na² 1 pH in water;2 Extractor: Mehlich-1;3 Extractor: KCl 1 mol L-1;4 pH SMP;5 Extractor: CaCl2;6 Extractor: Ca(H2PO4) 2, 500 mg L-1 of P in HOAc 2 mol L-1; SB: sum of bases; CECe: effective cation exchange capacity; CEC: cation exchange capacity at pH 7; BS: base saturation; AS: aluminum saturation.	Ca³ 1 pH in water;2 Extractor: Mehlich-1;3 Extractor: KCl 1 mol L-1;4 pH SMP;5 Extractor: CaCl2;6 Extractor: Ca(H2PO4) 2, 500 mg L-1 of P in HOAc 2 mol L-1; SB: sum of bases; CECe: effective cation exchange capacity; CEC: cation exchange capacity at pH 7; BS: base saturation; AS: aluminum saturation.	Mg³ 1 pH in water;2 Extractor: Mehlich-1;3 Extractor: KCl 1 mol L-1;4 pH SMP;5 Extractor: CaCl2;6 Extractor: Ca(H2PO4) 2, 500 mg L-1 of P in HOAc 2 mol L-1; SB: sum of bases; CECe: effective cation exchange capacity; CEC: cation exchange capacity at pH 7; BS: base saturation; AS: aluminum saturation.	Al³ 1 pH in water;2 Extractor: Mehlich-1;3 Extractor: KCl 1 mol L-1;4 pH SMP;5 Extractor: CaCl2;6 Extractor: Ca(H2PO4) 2, 500 mg L-1 of P in HOAc 2 mol L-1; SB: sum of bases; CECe: effective cation exchange capacity; CEC: cation exchange capacity at pH 7; BS: base saturation; AS: aluminum saturation.	H + Al⁴ 1 pH in water;2 Extractor: Mehlich-1;3 Extractor: KCl 1 mol L-1;4 pH SMP;5 Extractor: CaCl2;6 Extractor: Ca(H2PO4) 2, 500 mg L-1 of P in HOAc 2 mol L-1; SB: sum of bases; CECe: effective cation exchange capacity; CEC: cation exchange capacity at pH 7; BS: base saturation; AS: aluminum saturation.	SB	CECe	CEC	BS	AS	B⁵ 1 pH in water;2 Extractor: Mehlich-1;3 Extractor: KCl 1 mol L-1;4 pH SMP;5 Extractor: CaCl2;6 Extractor: Ca(H2PO4) 2, 500 mg L-1 of P in HOAc 2 mol L-1; SB: sum of bases; CECe: effective cation exchange capacity; CEC: cation exchange capacity at pH 7; BS: base saturation; AS: aluminum saturation.	Cu⁶ 1 pH in water;2 Extractor: Mehlich-1;3 Extractor: KCl 1 mol L-1;4 pH SMP;5 Extractor: CaCl2;6 Extractor: Ca(H2PO4) 2, 500 mg L-1 of P in HOAc 2 mol L-1; SB: sum of bases; CECe: effective cation exchange capacity; CEC: cation exchange capacity at pH 7; BS: base saturation; AS: aluminum saturation.	Fe² 1 pH in water;2 Extractor: Mehlich-1;3 Extractor: KCl 1 mol L-1;4 pH SMP;5 Extractor: CaCl2;6 Extractor: Ca(H2PO4) 2, 500 mg L-1 of P in HOAc 2 mol L-1; SB: sum of bases; CECe: effective cation exchange capacity; CEC: cation exchange capacity at pH 7; BS: base saturation; AS: aluminum saturation.	Mn² 1 pH in water;2 Extractor: Mehlich-1;3 Extractor: KCl 1 mol L-1;4 pH SMP;5 Extractor: CaCl2;6 Extractor: Ca(H2PO4) 2, 500 mg L-1 of P in HOAc 2 mol L-1; SB: sum of bases; CECe: effective cation exchange capacity; CEC: cation exchange capacity at pH 7; BS: base saturation; AS: aluminum saturation.	Zn² 1 pH in water;2 Extractor: Mehlich-1;3 Extractor: KCl 1 mol L-1;4 pH SMP;5 Extractor: CaCl2;6 Extractor: Ca(H2PO4) 2, 500 mg L-1 of P in HOAc 2 mol L-1; SB: sum of bases; CECe: effective cation exchange capacity; CEC: cation exchange capacity at pH 7; BS: base saturation; AS: aluminum saturation.
	^_____mg dm^-3^_____					^_____cmol_cdm^-3^_____					^_____%^_____		^_____mg dm^-3^_____
6.4	6.1	180	0.1	2.9	0.7	0.0	1.3	4.1	4.1	5.4	76	0	0.3	0.7	30.9	42.8	1.8

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[TFN1] ¹ pH in water;² Extractor: Mehlich-1;³ Extractor: KCl 1 mol L^-1;⁴ pH SMP;⁵ Extractor: CaCl₂;⁶ Extractor: Ca(H₂PO₄) ₂, 500 mg L^-1 of P in HOAc 2 mol L^-1; SB: sum of bases; CECe: effective cation exchange capacity; CEC: cation exchange capacity at pH 7; BS: base saturation; AS: aluminum saturation.