Biological control of phytoparasitic nematodes in sugarcane fields

Dinardo-Miranda, Leila Luci; Miranda, Isabella Dinardo; Silva, Higor Domingos Silvério da; Fracasso, Juliano Vilela

doi:10.1590/1983-40632022v5273758

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Research Article • Pesqui. Agropecu. Trop. 52 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632022v5273758 copy

Biological control of phytoparasitic nematodes in sugarcane fields

Controle biológico de nematoides fitoparasitos em canaviais

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The management of nematode infested areas includes several measures, among which chemical nematicides are the most used. However, since their use is associated with environmental impacts, researches with biocontrol agents have acquired a greater importance. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of Bacillus subtilis + B. licheniformis, when applied to the planting furrow, on nematode control and its effects on sugarcane yield. Five experiments were carried out in infested areas, with four treatments: control - no nematicide; carbosulfan 700EC 4 L ha^-1 - standard treatment; B. subtilis + B. licheniformis at 0.16 kg ha^-1 and 0.20 kg ha^-1. Carbosulfan was more efficient in controlling the nematodes, reducing the populations at least four months after planting. The treatments with B. subtilis + B. licheniformis were more effective in the control of Meloidogyne javanica, when compared to Pratylenchus. The plots treated with carbosulfan produced 11 % more than the control. There was no difference between the B. subtilis + B. licheniformis doses, in relation to yield. The plots treated with the biological product produced 5 % more than the control.

KEYWORDS:
Bacillus subtilis ; Bacillus licheniformis ; Meloidogyne ; Pratylenchus

Experiment	Location (São Paulo state, Brazil)	Plantig date	Cultivar
1	Santa Cruz das Palmeiras	07 December 2016	CTC11
2	Serrana	10 January 2017	CTC4
3	Olímpia	21 February 2017	RB867515
4	Araras	10 March 2017	SP80-1816
5	Lençóis Paulista	30 May 2017	RB975357

Treatment	2 months		4 months		10 months		SYH
Treatment	Roots	Soil	Roots	Soil	Roots	Soil	SYH
Control	3,152 a	300 a	9,310 a	720 a	7,365 a	432 a	103 b
Carbosulfan (4 L ha^-1)	2,656 a	252 a	11,310 a	768 a	13,146 a	420 a	115 a
Bs + Bl^ * Bacillus subtilis + B. licheniformis. Means within the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different (t test; p ≤ 1).* (0.16 kg ha^-1)	1,844 a	444 a	11,090 a	816 a	18,163 a	264 a	105 b
Bs + Bl^ * Bacillus subtilis + B. licheniformis. Means within the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different (t test; p ≤ 1).* (0.2 kg ha^-1)	3,328 a	504 a	12,232 a	936 a	10,481 a	276 a	112 ab

Treatment	2 months		4 months		10 months
Treatment	Roots	Soil	Roots	Soil	Roots	Soil
Control	7,988 a	870 bc	10,729 a	660 a	4,450 a	960 a
Carbosulfan (4 L ha^-1)	5,094 b	1,150 ab	6,258 b	600 a	4,317 a	780 a
Bs + Bl^ * Bacillus subtilis + B. licheniformis. Means within the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different (t test; p ≤ 1).* (0.16 kg ha^-1)	6,258 b	670 c	9,957 ab	670 a	6,292 a	560 a
Bs + Bl^ * Bacillus subtilis + B. licheniformis. Means within the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different (t test; p ≤ 1).* (0.2 kg ha^-1)	6,424 ab	1,320 ab	9,100 ab	780 a	4,083 a	590 a

Treatment	2 months				4 months				10 months				SYH
	Roots		Soil		Roots		Soil		Roots		Soil
	Mj	Pz	Mj	Pz	Mj	Pz	Mj	Pz	Mj	Pz	Mj	Pz
Control	85 a	6,189 a	10 a	920 b	8,873 a	25,770 a	210 a	690 ab	217 a	2,518 a	30 a	470 a	132 a
Carbosulfan (4 L ha^-1)	33 a	1,433 b	0 a	1,040 b	350 b	8,526 b	240 a	410 b	100 a	2,325 a	0 a	1,150 a	133 a
Bs + Bl^ * Bacillus subtilis + B. licheniformis. Means within the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different (t test; p ≤ 1).* (0.16 kg ha^-1)	58 a	5,275 a	0 a	2,760 a	203 b	11,110 ab	250 a	980 a	0 a	2,917 a	50 a	600 a	133 a
Bs + Bl^ * Bacillus subtilis + B. licheniformis. Means within the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different (t test; p ≤ 1).* (0.2 kg ha^-1)	0 a	8,827 a	0 a	2,270 a	4,091 ab	11,259 ab	50 a	690 ab	17 a	1,750 a	0 a	460 a	139 a

Treatment	2 months		4 months		10 months		SYH
Treatment	Roots	Soil	Roots	Soil	Roots	Soil	SYH
Control	4,124 a	180 a	1,358 a	180 a	933 b	50 b	103 c
Carbosulfan (4 L ha^-1)	416 b	120 a	233 b	90 b	1,650 ab	110 ab	121 a
Bs + Bl^ * Bacillus subtilis + B. licheniformis. Means within the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different (t test; p ≤ 1).* (0.16 kg ha^-1)	3,770 a	200 a	825 a	110 ab	1,892 a	200 a	113 ab
Bs + Bl^ * Bacillus subtilis + B. licheniformis. Means within the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different (t test; p ≤ 1).* (0.2 kg ha^-1)	2,731 a	80 a	1,125 a	140 ab	1,633 ab	160 ab	106 bc

Treatment	2 months					4 months								SYH
	Roots			Soil		Roots		Soil		Roots		Soil
	Mj	Pz	Mj		Pz	Mj	Pz	Mj	Pz	Mj	Pz	Mj	Pz
Control	22 ab	70 a	0 a		36 a	5,940 a	2,180 a	852 a	144 a	230 ab	1,410 a	360 a	516 a	65 b
Carbosulfan (4 L ha^-1)	30 ab	43 a	0 a		0 a	550 b	2,630 a	0 b	36 a	120 b	520 b	48 a	228 a	77 a
Bs + Bl^ * Bacillus subtilis + B. licheniformis. Means within the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different (t test; p ≤ 1).* (0.16 kg ha^-1)	0 b	46 a	36 a		0 a	20 b	3,710 a	48 b	72 a	4,970 a	1,110 ab	120 a	384 a	71 ab
Bs + Bl^ * Bacillus subtilis + B. licheniformis. Means within the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different (t test; p ≤ 1).* (0.2 kg ha^-1)	43 a	62 a	0 a		12 a	2,710 ab	2,870 a	324 ab	96 a	2,130 a	1,620 ab	48 a	336 a	70 ab

Experiment	1 month	2 months	3 months	4 months
1	156.1	347.2	452.4	593.8
2	154.6	251.9	336.7	400.7
3	80.1	146.8	213.4	340.0
4	117.7	209.0	336.1	360.4
5	0	0	0	22.4

Treatment	2 months					4 months								SYH
	Roots		Soil			Roots		Soil		Roots		Soil
	Mj	Pspp		Mj	Pspp	Mj	Pspp	Mj	Pspp	Mj	Pspp	Mj	Pspp
Control	22 a	4,324 a		3 b	461 a	2,966 a	9,869 a	212 a	479 a	88 a	3,335 b	78 a	486 a	102 c
Carbosulfan (4 L ha^-1)	13 a	1,928 b		39 a	512 a	184 b	5,805 b	50 a	379 b	43 a	4,392 ab	11 a	537 a	118 a
Bs + Bl^ * Bacillus subtilis + B. licheniformis. Means within the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different (t test; p ≤ 1).* (0.16 kg ha^-1)	13 a	3,438 a		0 b	814 a	47 b	7,838 ab	60 a	530 a	1,017 a	6,074 a	24 a	402 a	107 b
Bs + Bl^ * Bacillus subtilis + B. licheniformis. Means within the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different (t test; p ≤ 1).* (0.2 kg ha^-1)	29 a	4,294 a		11 ab	837 a	1,362 b	7,317 ab	75 a	529 a	432 a	3,913 ab	34 a	364 a	113 ab

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Bacillus subtilis + B. licheniformis. Means within the same column followed by the same letter are not significantly different (t test; p ≤ 1).