Seletividade de pesticidas utilizados em arroz sobre <i>Telenomus podisi</i> e <i>Trichogramma pretiosum</i>

Pazini, Juliano de Bastos; Grützmacher, Anderson Dionei; Martins, José Francisco da Silva; Pasini, Rafael Antônio; Rakes, Matheus

doi:10.1590/1983-40632016v4640844

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

Scientific Articles • Pesqui. Agropecu. Trop. 46 (3) • Jul-Sep 2016 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632016v4640844 copiar

Seletividade de pesticidas utilizados em arroz sobre Telenomus podisi e Trichogramma pretiosum

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMO

Espécies de Telenomus e Trichogramma destacam-se como agentes de controle biológico em áreas orizícolas, e a principal estratégia para sua preservação é a utilização de agrotóxicos seletivos. Objetivou-se avaliar a toxicidade de agrotóxicos utilizados em áreas de arroz irrigado sobre Telenomus podisi Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) e Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Adultos desses parasitoides foram expostos a resíduos secos de agrotóxicos, em experimento inteiramente casualizado, com 25 tratamentos (24 agrotóxicos + testemunha) e quatro repetições. Os inseticidas clorantraniliprole, flubendiamida e diflubenzurom e os inseticidas biológicos à base de Beauveria bassiana e Metarhizium anisopliae foram inócuos para T. podisi e T. pretiosum. Os herbicidas inócuos foram: 2,4-D amina, profoxidim, quincloraque, etoxissulfurom e saflufenacil. O fungicida epoxiconazol + cresoxim-metílico também foi inócuo para esses dois agentes de controle biológico. Portanto, esses agrotóxicos são indicados para o manejo integrado de pragas, em áreas de arroz irrigado.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE:
Oryza sativa; parasitoide de ovos; manejo integrado de pragas

Commercial product (c.p.)®	Active ingredient	Formulation and concentration^I I Formulation and concentration (mL L-1 or g kg-1) - EC: emulsifiable concentrate; EW: emulsion, oil in water; DC: dispersible concentrate; SC: suspension concentrate; SL: soluble concentrate; WG: water dispersible granule; WP: wettable powder.	Dose of c.p./ha^II II Maximum dose of commercial product (c.p.) registered for rice and/or irrigated rice crop (L or kg of c.p. ha-1) (Agrofit 2015).
Insecticide
Altacor	Chlorantraniliprole	WG 350	0.09
Belt^* * Pesticides unregistered for rice and/or irrigated rice crop - registration dose in soybean crop (Agrofit 2015).	Flubendiamide	SC 480	0.07
Boveril	Beauveria bassiana	WP -	0.50
Engeo Pleno	Lambda-cyhalothrin + thiamethoxam	SC 106 + 141	0.20
Incrível	Acetamiprid + alpha-cypermethrin	SC 100 + 200	0.25
Karate Zeon 50 CS	Lambda-cyhalothrin	SC 50	0.15
Klap	Fipronil	SC 200	0.06
Metarril	Metarhizium anisopliae	WP -	0.50
Micromite 240 SC	Diflubenzuron	SC 240	0.10
Mustang 350 EC	Zeta-cypermethrin	EC 350	0.04
Safety	Etofenprox	EC 300	0.30
Herbicide
Aminol 806	2.4-D amine	SL 806	1.50
Aura 200	Profoxydim	DC 200	0.85
Facet	Quinclorac	WP 500	0.75
Gladium	Ethoxysulfuron	WG 600	0.13
Heat	Saflufenacil	WG 700	0.14
Fungicide
Aproach Prima	Picoxystrobin + cyproconazole	SC 200 + 80	0.40
Brio	Epoxiconazole + kresoxim-methyl	SC 125 + 125	1.00
Dithiobin 780 WP	Thiophanate-methyl + mancozeb	WP 140 + 640	2.50
Eminent 125 EW	Tetraconazole	EW 125	0.50
Folicur 200 EC	Tebuconazole	EC 200	0.75
Fox^* * Pesticides unregistered for rice and/or irrigated rice crop - registration dose in soybean crop (Agrofit 2015).	Trifloxystrobin + prothioconazole	SC 150 + 175	0.40
Nativo 300 SC	Trifloxystrobin + tebuconazole	SC 100 + 200	0.75
Priori Xtra	Azoxystrobin + cyproconazole	SC 200 + 80	0.30

Active ingredient	Telenomus podisi			Trichogramma pretiosum
Active ingredient	Eggs/female (X̄ ± EP)^I I Mean + standard error (four replications) of parasitized eggs per female after 96 h (T. podisi) and 168 h (T. pretiosum) of parasitoids exposure to pesticide residues.	Parasitism reduction (%)^II II Parasitism reduction in comparison to the control treatment.	Class^III III IOBC classes: 1 = harmless (< 30 %); 2 = slightly harmful (30-79 %); 3 = moderately harmful (80-99 %); 4 = harmful (> 99 %). Means followed by the same letter, in the columns, do not differ significantly.	Eggs/female (X̄ ± EP)	Parasitism reduction (%)	Class
Bioassay 1
Chlorantraniliprole	5.7 ± 0.6 a^# # Results by Kruskal-Wallis (H = 21.2010; p-value = 0.0007), followed by the Dunn test (p < 0.05).	1.7	1	24.4 ± 4.5 a^* * Results by Kruskal-Wallis (H = 21.8216; p-value = 0.0006), followed by the Dunn test (p < 0.05).	0.1	1
Lambda-cyhalothrin + Thiamethoxam	0.0 ± 0.0 c	100.0	4	0.0 ± 0.0 b	100.0	4
Lambda-cyhalothrin	0.1 ± 0.1 bc	97.9	3	0.0 ± 0.0 b	100.0	4
Fipronil	0.0 ± 0.0 c	100.0	4	0.0 ± 0.0 b	100.0	4
Etofenprox	1.8 ± 0.1 b	68.8	2	0.0 ± 0.0 b	100.0	4
Control	5.8 ± 0.3 a	-	-	24.4 ± 0.8 a	-	-
Bioassay 2
Flubendiamide	5.4 ± 0.6 a^## ## Results by Anova (F = 17.4249; p-value = < 0.0001), followed by the Scott-Knott test (p < 0.05).	0.0	1	17.5 ± 1.6 a^ Results by Kruskal-Wallis (H = 17.5981; p-value = 0.0073), followed by the Dunn test (p < 0.05).	9.7	1
Beauveria bassiana	6.0 ± 0.3 a	0.0	1	19.0 ± 4.0 a	1.5	1
Acetamiprid + alpha-cypermethrin	1.7 ± 0.1 b	65.0	2	0.7 ± 0.3 b	96.6	3
Metarhizium anisopliae	4.3 ± 0.3 a	9.0	1	23.0 ± 5.2 a	0.0	1
Diflubenzuron	4.7 ± 0.9 a	1.6	1	17.5 ± 1.5 a	9.3	1
Zeta-cypermethrin	0.0 ± 0.0 c	100.0	4	0.0 ± 0.0 b	100.0	4
Control	4.8 ± 0.7 a	-	-	19.3 ± 2.0 a	-	-

Active ingredient	Telenomus podisi			Trichogramma pretiosum
Active ingredient	Eggs/female (X̄ ± EP)^I I Mean + standard error (four replications) of parasitized eggs per female after 96 h (T. podisi) and 168 h (T. pretiosum) of parasitoids exposure to pesticide residues.	Parasitism reduction (%)^II II Parasitism reduction in comparison to the control treatment. III IOBC classes: 1 = harmless (< 30 %); 2 = slightly harmful (30-79 %); 3 = moderately harmful (80-99 %); 4 = harmful (> 99 %).	Class^III III IOBC classes: 1 = harmless (< 30 %); 2 = slightly harmful (30-79 %); 3 = moderately harmful (80-99 %); 4 = harmful (> 99 %).	Eggs/female (X̄ ± EP)	Parasitism reduction (%)	Class
2.4-D amine	5.1 ± 0.4^* * Results by Anova: F = 0.3967; p-value = 0.8446; ^ns ns non-significant (p > 0.05).	6.6	1	22.7 ± 1.2^ Results by Anova: F = 0.4420; p-value = 0.8118; ns non-significant (p > 0.05). II Parasitism reduction in comparison to the control treatment. III IOBC classes: 1 = harmless (< 30 %); 2 = slightly harmful (30-79 %); 3 = moderately harmful (80-99 %); 4 = harmful (> 99 %). ^ns ns non-significant (p > 0.05).	7.0	1
Profoxydim	5.2 ± 1.3	5.2	1	19.6 ± 3.6	19.6	1
Quinclorac	4.7 ± 0.2	14.1	1	22.4 ± 2.6	8.3	1
Ethoxyssulfuron	4.3 ± 0.4	21.0	1	23.5 ± 5.7	3.6	1
Saflufenacil	4.4 ± 0.9	19.9	1	19.0 ± 2.8	22.0	1
Control	5.7 ± 0.3	-	-	24.4 ± 0.92	-	-

Active ingredient	Telenomus podisi			Trichogramma pretiosum
Active ingredient	Eggs/female (X̄ ± EP)^I I Mean + standard error (four replications) of parasitized eggs per female after 96 h (T. podisi) and 168 h (T. pretiosum) of parasitoids exposure to pesticide residues.	Parasitism reduction (%)^II II Parasitism reduction in comparison to the control treatment.	Class^III III IOBC classes: 1 = harmless (< 30 %); 2 = slightly harmful (30-79 %); 3 = moderately harmful (80-99 %); 4 = harmful (> 99 %). Means followed by the same letter, in the columns, do not differ significantly.	Eggs/female (X̄ ± EP)^I I Mean + standard error (four replications) of parasitized eggs per female after 96 h (T. podisi) and 168 h (T. pretiosum) of parasitoids exposure to pesticide residues.	Parasitism reduction (%)	Class
Bioassay 1
Epoxiconazole + kresoxim-methyl	4.0 ± 0.4^ns ns non-significant (p > 0.05). ^# # Results by Anova: F = 2.1349; p-value = 0.1267;	9.4	1	20.0 ± 2.1 b^* * Results by Anova (F = 29.5532; p-value = < 0.0001), followed by the Scott-Knott test (p < 0.05).	24.6	1
Thiophanate-methyl + mancozeb	3.7 ± 0.2	15.3	1	7.4 ± 0.9 d	72.3	2
Tetraconazole	5.1 ± 0.7	0.0	1	5.4 ± 0.9 d	79.7	2
Trifloxystrobin + tebuconazole	4.9 ± 0.3	0.0	1	14.1 ± 1.8 c	47.0	2
Control	4.4 ± 0.3	-	-	26.6 ± 2.0 a	-	-
Bioassay 2
Picoxystrobin + cyproconazole	4.7 ± 0.5^ns ns non-significant (p > 0.05). ^## ## Results by Anova: F = 0.4993; p-value = 0.7367;	13.4	1	0.5 ± 0.3 d^ Results by Kruskal-Wallis (H = 17.2000; p-value = 0.0018), followed by the Dunn test (p < 0.05).	98.2	3
Tebuconazole	4.5 ± 0.7	18.0	1	5.4 ± 0.7 bc	77.7	2
Trifloxystrobin + prothioconazole	4.5 ± 0.3	17.0	1	1.0 ± 0.3 cd	96.0	3
Azoxistrobina + ciproconazol	4.7 ± 0.8	15.0	1	17.0 ± 2.8 ab	30.0	2
Control	5.47 ± 0.39	-	-	24.3 ± 1.1 a	-	-

Escola de Agronomia/UFG Caixa Postal 131 - Campus II, 74001-970 Goiânia-GO / Brasil, 55 62 3521-1552 - Goiânia - GO - Brazil
E-mail: revistapat.agro@ufg.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[TFN1] ^*
Pesticides unregistered for rice and/or irrigated rice crop - registration dose in soybean crop (Agrofit 2015AGROFIT: sistema de agrotóxicos fitossanitários. 2015. Available at: <http://agrofit.agricultura.gov.br/agrofit_cons/principal_agrofit_cons>. Access on: Dec. 14, 2015.
http://agrofit.agricultura.gov.br/agrofi... ).

[TFN2] ^I
Formulation and concentration (mL L^-1 or g kg^-1) - EC: emulsifiable concentrate; EW: emulsion, oil in water; DC: dispersible concentrate; SC: suspension concentrate; SL: soluble concentrate; WG: water dispersible granule; WP: wettable powder.

[TFN3] ^II
Maximum dose of commercial product (c.p.) registered for rice and/or irrigated rice crop (L or kg of c.p. ha^-1) (Agrofit 2015AGROFIT: sistema de agrotóxicos fitossanitários. 2015. Available at: <http://agrofit.agricultura.gov.br/agrofit_cons/principal_agrofit_cons>. Access on: Dec. 14, 2015.
http://agrofit.agricultura.gov.br/agrofi... ).