Two new species of <i>Passalus</i> Fabricius (Coleoptera: Passalidae) from the western Brazilian Amazon with comments on the taxonomic limits of the subgenera

Bevilaqua, Marcus; Fonseca, Claudio Ruy Vasconcelos da

doi:10.11606/1807-0205/2020.60.special-issue.19

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ARTICLE • Pap. Avulsos Zool. 60 (spe) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2020.60.special-issue.19 copy

Two new species of Passalus Fabricius (Coleoptera: Passalidae) from the western Brazilian Amazon with comments on the taxonomic limits of the subgenera

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Abstract

Passalus Fabricius, 1792 is the largest genus of Passalidae and presents great diversity in South America, mainly in the Amazon region. Currently this complex and heterogeneous genus is subdivided into three subgenera: P. (Pertinax) Kaup, 1869, P. (Mitrorhinus) Kaup, 1871, and P. (Passalus). Herein, two new species of Passalus from the western region of the Brazilian Amazon, a diverse but poorly studied area, are described and illustrated. The new species Passalus (Pertinax) deuterocerus sp. nov. and Passalus (Passalus) cleidecostae sp. nov. are compared with similar species occurring in nearby regions. Also, the diagnostic characters used to define the subgenera and sections of Passalus are summarized.

Key-Words.
Acre; Neleus; Passalinae; Pertinax; Saproxylophagous beetles

Characters / Species	P. deuterocerus sp. nov.	P. morio	P. latifrons	P. epiphanoides
Frons, secondary mediofrontal tubercles	Two, well developed, with sharpened apices close to each other.	Absent	Absent	Absent
Frons, latero + mediofrontal tubercles	Acute	Obtuse	Acute	Acute
Clypeus, anterior angles	Large and visible in dorsal view	Small and not visible in dorsal view	Small but visible in dorsal view	Small but visible in dorsal view
Frons, anterofrontal ridges	Usually present, but weak	Usually present, but weak	Absent	Absent
Vertex, lateroposterior tubercles	Large, transversal, very evident	Large, transversal, very evident	Large, slightly triangular, very evident	Small, slightly triangular, very evident
Mentum, mediobasal area	Dilated, without punctures, bristles or notch on anterior region	Not dilated, with punctures, bristles and notch on anterior region	Not dilated without punctures, bristles or notch on anterior region	Dilated, with punctures, bristles and notch on anterior region
Mentum, lateral scars	Large and rounded	Small and rounded	Large and oval	Large and slightly oval
Pronotum, inferobasal pubescence	Absent	Absent	Present	Absent
Mesosternum, scars	Triangular, shallow, matte, with micro bristles on the surface	Triangular, shallow, matte, with micro bristles on the surface	Absent	Deep, oval or drop-shaped with matt surface
Metasternum, punctation	Large group on lateroposterior region	Coarse punctures on lateroanterior region and group of punctures in the lateroposterior region	Small group on lateroposterior region	Small group on lateroposterior region

Characters / Species	P. cleidecostae sp. nov.	P. interstitialis	P. bucki
Frons, mediofrontal area	Slightly punctated on anterior region	Slightly punctated on anterior region	Quite punctated with coarse punctuation
Frons, secondary mediofrontal tubercles	Small, smaller than laterofrontal tubercles, with acute apices close to each other	Large, sometimes larger or with same size as laterofrontal tubercles, with acute apices close to each other	Small, smaller than laterofrontal tubercles, with obtuse apices close to each other
Frons, mediofrontal tubercles	Small, smaller and non-overlapping to laterofrontal tubercles	Large, larger and overlapping to laterofrontal tubercles	Small, smaller and non-overlapping to laterofrontal tubercles
Frons, inner tubercles	Small and detached from the frontal ridges	Large and detached from front ridges	Small and not detached from the frontal ridges
Frons, anterofrontal ridges	Large, low and arched	Absent or inconspicuous	Large, low and crenulated
Frons, posterofrontal ridges	Smaller, straighter and more elevated than anterofrontal ridges	Larger, straighter and more elevated than anterofrontal ridges	Smaller, straighter and more elevated than anterofrontal ridges
Vertex, lateropostfrontal areas	Presence of some small punctures	Absence of punctation	Presence of many coarse punctures
Pronotum, punctation	Reduced to a small group of punctures near the lateral fossae	Group of punctures scattered throughout lateral region	Group of punctures scattered throughout lateral region
Metasternum, punctation	Group of punctures on lateroposterior region and bristled punctures on anterior region	Group of punctures concentrated throughout the region of the metasternal carina, and bristled punctures on anterior region	Group of punctures concentrated throughout the region of the metasternal carina, and bristled punctures on anterior region

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[1] ²E-mail: marcusbevilaqua@gmail.com