Comparison of TNF-α and IL-1β Concentrations in Gingival Crevicular Fluid During Early Alignment Stage of Orthodontic Treatment in Adults and Adolescents

Afshar, Marzieh Karimi; Safarian, Fereshteh; Torabi, Molook; Farsinejad, Alireza; Mohammadzadeh, Iman

doi:10.1590/pboci.2020.086

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Pesqui. Bras. Odontopediatria Clín. Integr. 20 • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/pboci.2020.086 copy

Comparison of TNF-α and IL-1β Concentrations in Gingival Crevicular Fluid During Early Alignment Stage of Orthodontic Treatment in Adults and Adolescents

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Objective:

To compare the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) during early leveling stage of orthodontic treatment.

Material and Methods:

This study was carried out on 20 orthodontic patients, including 10 teenagers and 10 adults. Before bonding, GCF was collected with a paper strip in gingival sulcus of maxillary right central incisor on the disto labial aspect for 60 seconds, followed by bonding and insertion of initial 14 NiTi archwire. GCF collection was repeated 24 hours, 7 days, and 28 days after bonding. Measurement of TNF-α and IL-1β levels was done utilizing Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Data were analyzed in SPSS using repeated measurement test.

Results:

Concentration of TNF-α and IL-1β increased after treatment. There was no significant relationship between TNF-α and IL-1β concentrations subsequent to bonding in comparison to the baseline. There was no significant relationship in TNF-α and IL-1β level changes in the two age groups and between males and females.

Conclusion:

Concentration of TNF-α and IL-1β increased after treatment. Age and sex had no statically significant effect on the concentration of TNF-α and IL-1β.

Keywords:
Orthodontics; Tooth Movement Techniques; Cytokines; Gingival Crevicular Fluid

Variables	Treatment Time	Mean	SD	p-value
IL1-β	Baseline	14.17	6.48	0.32
	1 Day After Treatment	17.63	9.01
	1 Week After Treatment	15.13	10.40
	4 Weeks After Treatment	18.14	9.30
TNF α	Baseline	38.84	4.51	0.38
	1 Day After Treatment	38.92	2.66
	1 Week After Treatment	42.28	10.09
	4 Weeks After Treatment	39.63	5.91

	Treatment Time
Gender	Baseline	1 Day	1 Week	4 Weeks	p-value
	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)
Male
<19 years old	14.21 ± 7.67	19.27 ± 8.04	10.29 ± 3.95	18.76 ± 15.73	>0.05
≥19 years old	7.21 ± 1.88	8.94 ± 2.75	11.47 ± 5.57	19.37 ± 3.46	>0.05
Total	12.46 ± 6.65	15.25 ± 8.85	10.69 ± 3.93	18.97 ± 12.28
Female
<19 years old	13.31 ± 5.48	18.29 ± 10.90	20.95 ± 16.70	15.37 ± 9.46	>0.05
≥19 years old	16.39 ± 7.41	19.12 ± 8.40	13.94 ± 4.88	19.80 ± 6.89	>0.05
Total	14.97 ± 6.52	18.74 ± 9.22	17.18 ± 11.98	17.76 ± 8.15

	Treatment Time
Gender	Baseline	1 Day	1 Week	4 Weeks	p-value
	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)
Male
<19 years old	37.55 ± 4.57	39.23 ± 2.14	51.44 ± 19.53	36.06 ± 3.03	>0.05
≥19 years old	39.81 ± 1.20	42.25 ± 8.71	41.64 ± 2.18	34.77 ± 1.44	>0.05
Total	39.12 ± 5.79	39.43 ± 1.76	48.17 ± 15.98	35.63 ± 2.52
Female
<19 years old	38.93 ± 3.08	40.52 ± 4.67	38.44 ± 4.20	41.61 ± 4.03	>0.05
≥19 years old	37.17 ± 2.96	38.48 ± 3.20	40.52 ± 4.98	41.37 ± 7.91	>0.05
Total	38.69 ± 4.04	38.72 ± 3.02	39.56 ± 4.57	41.48 ± 6.17

	Treatment Time
Gender	Baseline	1 Day	1 Week	4 Weeks	p-value
	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)
Male
<19 years old	15.25 ± 8.85	12.46 ± 6.65	10.69 ± 3.93	18.97 ± 12.28	0.34
≥19 years old	18.74 ± 9.22	14.97 ± 6.52	17.18 ± 11.98	17.76 ± 8.15
Female
<19 years old	39.12 ± 5.79	39.43 ± 1.76	48.17 ± 15.98	35.63 ± 2.52	0.72
≥19 years old	37.72 ± 4.04	38.69 ± v	39.56 ± 4.57	41.48 ± 6.17

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[1] Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: Molook Torabi, Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Shafa Ave, Jomhoori Islami BLVD, Kerman 7618759689, Iran. Phone: +989131415238. E-mail: m.torabi.p@gmail.com.