In Vitro Effect of Acidic Challenges on the Physical Properties of Dental Prosthesis Artificial Teeth

Gondim, Laísa Daniel; Magalhães, Taís Chaves; Lopes, Alana Gail; Aguiar, Marjorie Izabella Batista; Carlo, Hugo Lemes; Barbosa, Tais de Souza; Carvalho, Fabíola Galbiatti de

doi:10.1590/pboci.2020.091

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Pesqui. Bras. Odontopediatria Clín. Integr. 20 • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/pboci.2020.091 copy

In Vitro Effect of Acidic Challenges on the Physical Properties of Dental Prosthesis Artificial Teeth

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Objective:

To evaluate the effect of immersion and acid challenge with cola drink on color change (ΔE), Vickers hardness (VHN) and surface roughness (Ra) of artificial acrylic resin teeth.

Material and Methods:

The artificial teeth were divided into 6 groups (n= 8): TC (Trilux/Control), BC (Biotone/Control), TAC (Trilux/Acid challenge), BAC (Biotone/Acid challenge), TI (Trilux/Immersion) and BI (Biotone/Immersion). The teeth were embedded in acrylic resin and the labial side was serially polished to provide appropriate flat surface. The samples of TC, BC, TI, BI groups were immersed in artificial saliva and cola drink (coke) for 7 days, respectively. The acid challenge was performed with immersion of samples in coke for 5 min, and subsequently immersion in artificial saliva for 2h. This cycle was repeated at 4 times/day, during 7 days. The tests of VHN, ΔE and Ra were analyzed before and after the challenge and immersion groups. Data was analyzed by ANOVA, Tukey and T test (α = 0.05).

Results:

There was no difference in Ra values between groups after treatments. However, there was a decrease in VHN for all groups. BI (19.2 ± 0.3) presented significantly lower hardness than BAC (19.5 ± 0.9) and BC (20.2 ± 0.5). Groups BI (2.18 ± 0.41) and TI (1.50 ± 0.43) had statistically higher ΔE compared to the other groups.

Conclusion:

The hardness of resin teeth decreased after acid challenges, but the roughness surface was not affected. The color was more affected by the times of exposure in cola beverage and remineralization in artificial saliva, which were associated to the material degradation.

Keywords:
Acrylic Resins; Tooth, Artificial; Dental Prosthesis; Hardness; Tooth Erosion

Color Variation (ΔE)
Groups	Acid Challenge	Acid Immersion	Control Immersion
	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)
Biotone (B)	1.14 ± 0.36A,a^† † Same uppercase letters represent values without significant statistical difference among treatments for each artificial tooth (p> 0.05 by ANOVA and Tukey-tests). Same lowercase letters represent values without significant statistical difference between artificial teeth in each treatment (p> 0.05 by unpaired T-test).	2.18 ± 0.41^B,a	1.34 ± 0.63^A,a
Trilux (T)	1.40 ± 0.49^A,a	1.50 ± 0.43^A,b	1.32 ± 0.63^A,a

	VHN Initial			VHN After Treatments
Groups	Acid Challenge	Acid Immersion	Control	Acid Challenge	Acid Immersion	Control
	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)
Biotone (B)	22.9 ± 0.5A,a^† † Same uppercase letters represent values without significant statistical difference among treatments for each artificial tooth in each experimental period (initial or after treatments) (p>0.05 by ANOVA and Tukey-tests). Same lowercase letters represent values without significant statistical difference in each treatment for each artificial tooth before and after acid challenges (p>0.05 by paired t-test).	21.8 ± 0.6^A,a	22.9 ± 1.0^A,a	19.5 ± 0.9^A,b	19.2 ± 0.3^A,b	20.2 ± 0.5^A,b
Trilux (T)	21.4 ± 1.2^A,a	20.8 ± 0.6^A,a	21.1 ± 0.7^A,a	19.6 ± 1.1^A,b	18.7 ± 0.7^A,b	19.2 ± 0.6^A,b

	Ra Initial (in micrometers)			Ra After Treatment (in micrometers)
Groups	Acid Challenge	Acid Immersion	Control	Acid Challenge	Acid Immersion	Control
	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)
Biotone (B)	0.06 ± 0.01A,a^† † Same uppercase letters represent values without significant statistical difference among treatments for each artificial tooth in each experimental acid period (before or after challenges) (p>0.05 by ANOVA and Tukey-tests). Same lowercase letters represent values without significant statistical difference in each treatment for each artificial tooth before and after acid challenges (p>0.05 by paired t-test).	0.07 ± 0.01^A,a	0.07 ± 0.01^A,a	0.06 ± 0.01^A,a	0.07 ± 0.01^A,a	0.06 ± 0.01^A,a
Trilux (T)	0.09 ± 0.02^A,a	0.08 ± 0.01^A,a	0.09 ± 0.02^A,a	0.07 ± 0.01^A,a	0.07 ± 0.01^A,a	0.09 ± 0.02^A,a

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[1] Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: Profa. Fabíola Galbiatti de Carvalho, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Campus Governador Valadares, Departamento de Odontologia, Av. Dr. Raimundo Monteiro de Rezende, nº 330, Sala 301, Centro, Governador Valadares, MG, Brazil. 35010-177. Phone: +55 3333011000, extension line 1580. E-mail: fabigalbi@yahoo.com.br.