Abstract:
Faced with problems in the schooling process related to the difficulty in the child's ability to control his behavior (to have defined objectives in his activities and to find the means to reach them), it is necessary to understand the genesis and development of the psychic processes to face this situation. This article derives from a master's thesis that had as objective to investigate how the voluntary activity develops from the Historic-Cultural Psychology. This article also had as objectives: to contextualize the concerns of the founders of that approach related to the topic; to situate the increase of complaints of children with difficulties related to the volunteer activity; to understand this psychic process in the periodization of development. The research followed the Historical Materialist method, searching the origin, the development and the multiple determinations of the research object in question. Bibliographic surveys were carried out in Capes’ database with keywords that corresponded to voluntary activity (Self-control/Self-regulation/voluntary activity), “School / educational psychology” and “Historical-Cultural Psychology” (Vygotsky/Vygotsky /Vygotsky) and in the works of the psychological focus in question. We identify that the development of voluntary activity relates to the formation of superior psychological processes, from the activity that mediates the individual and the reality in each period of development, as well as the language formation. The role play is an important activity in the development of voluntary activity, as it involves the internalization of social rules and the development of the hierarchy of motives. Understanding the development of voluntary activity contributes to the instrumentalization of professionals regarding the non-pathologization of teaching and learning and the discussion and critical action in psychology.
Keywords:
Historic-Cultural Psychology; School and Educational Psychology; Voluntary Activity; Human Development