A field experiment was carried out during 1989/90 at the Eldorado do Sul Experimental Station of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, with the objective of evaluating potential injury to sunflower by clomazone applied at three different dosages in pre-emergence (PRE) or preplant incorporated (PPI). A greenhouse trial was carried out in 1990 to determine the site of uptake for clomazone from the soil. Clomazone placement in the soil was very important in determining the level of injury to the plants. The leved of injury to seedlings was higher when clomazone was sprayed in PRE as compared to PPI. Apparently, more clomazone was absorbed through the sunflower hypocotyl than by the root system. Late season assessments indicated that higher dosages were equally phytotoxic under both application methods.
Helianthus annuus; residual herbicide; dissipation of herbicides; soil persistence; tillage; crop rotation; site of absorption