In this article we analyze the growing process of medicalization in everyday life and its contemporary expressions in the field of school education under the light of the assumptions of Historical-Cultural Psychology. We aim at unveiling the production process of the phenomena of non learning and misbehavior at school as well as the factors that determine their identification by health professionals and education as symptoms of diseases and disorders. Among the many disorders commonly associated with school performance of children today, are highlighted and analyzed ADHD and ODD. The analyzes carried out throughout the text indicate that the understanding of medicalization as an inevitable unfolding of the pathological process of educational problems requires a critical intellectual work and the development of new opinions of psychologists, educators and health professionals in relation to society, education and human development.
Medicalization; learning disabilities; Historic-Cultural Psychology