THE POSSIBILITIES OF SELF-REALIZATION EXPRESSED IN ADOLESCENT’S LIFE PROJECTS

Tardeli, Denise D’Auria; Arantes, Valéria Amorim

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Psicologia Escolar e Educacional

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PAPER • Psicol. Esc. Educ. 25 • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-35392021225698 copy

THE POSSIBILITIES OF SELF-REALIZATION EXPRESSED IN ADOLESCENT’S LIFE PROJECTS

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

This research evaluates the life project of adolescents and its relationship with the perception and tendency to self-realization. A Purpose Questionnaire and a Profile Questionnaire were used, with 507 female and male sbjects between 12 and 17 years old, educated, in the city of Santos/SP. As a hypothesis, it is pointed out that the achievements of personal maturation contribute to a positive self-concept, making self-realization an important part of personality formation. The theoretical line focuses on Moral Psychology, articulated with philosophical and sociological discussions on ethics, moral values and human development. The results show an appreciation for subjectivity, the feeling of insecurity and self-assertion. The hypothesis was partially confirmed, as the subjects demonstrated that they establish purposes and plans for their lives, which they perceive as potentially transforming, but that they are still very much focused on the private context, material needs and family attachment.

Keywords:
self-realization; adolescence; life project; personality

Categories related to self-perception	Definition	Indexes
Temperament	Characteristic associated with the person’s particularities linked to the form of behavior. It is a disposition¹ trend	367
Character	Characteristic related to the moral traits of the personality.	181
Attitudinal	Characteristic associated with the way of acting, of expressing attitudes	132
Emotional	Characteristic that expresses the person’s manifestations of feelings and emotions.	30
Physical	It represents the physical and organic aspects of the person. Expresses the physical type.	4
THEY DID NOT ANSWER		25

Categories related to the meaning of life	Definition	Subcategories	Indexes
Makes sense	They recognize what makes sense for their lives. Values they consider significant.	Family	211
		Study/Training	185
		Affective/social relationships	66
		Spirituality	33
		Future choices/decisions	28
		Well-being/care	13
		Happiness	13
		Leisure	11
		Work/Goods	7
		Song	2
		Pet	1
Makes no sense	They did not answer the question and/or claimed not to have values that give meaning to life.		14

Categories	Definition	Indexes
In return	It refers to the possibility of returning affection, support, help and care to those who have been dedicated to him/her. Gratitude	149
To secure the future	It refers to trying to prepare well to face the future and achieve good prospects in life.	132
For personal satisfaction	It refers to self-realization in the sense of being able to feel good about oneself.	79
Generously	It refers to the possibility of helping those in need without demanding retribution.	2
For personal interests	It refers to the feeling of enjoying situations, of knowing that you are admired, of satisfying your own interests and even fear of being lonely. Hedonism.	24
THEY DID NOT ANSWER		71

Categories related to goals	Definition	Indexes
Have no goals	This category expresses the denial of the existence of future goals in the subject’s life, without expressing intention or concern to identify something that guides their own existence	65
Economic and social prestige ¹	This category is related to social power, financial stability, valuing success and success, self-capacity, ambition and social recognition. It can also express the search for a position of social prestige, control or domination over people and resources.	223
Relatives	This category relates to love and friendship. It can be defined by the pursuit of conquest and preservation of the well-being of people close to you, those with whom you have personal contact. It is related to the search for an affective bond, to connect with people	48
Hedonists	It is defined by the pleasure or gratification for the person, it is also related to the search for a varied life and the need for excitement.	14
Religious	It is expressed through acceptance of life and respect for the spiritual life. It can be understood as respect, commitment and acceptance of customs and ideas that religion imposes on a person.	6
Prosocial	It refers to the commitment to a more just and egalitarian world. It is based on mutual respect and the environment.	2
THEY DID NOT ANSWER		68

Categories related to achieving goals	Definition	Indexes
Have and act	They have goals and act to achieve them. The statements refer to the carrying out of activities that are significant to the life project, satisfaction with goals and self-knowledge in relation to the meaning they seek in life	219
Have and do not act	They have goals, but cannot relate their activities to their goals, letting chance intervene. They even mention a life project, but without expressiveness, because the activities have little significance.	157
They do not have	They deny the existence of goals, without expressing the intention or concern to identify something that guides their own existence.	48

Categories related to the meaning of good life	Definition	Indexes
Social insertion (To have)	This category indicates life projects with attainment of stable socio-affective aspects, relationships and psychological conditions. They report more sophisticated needs, related to more stabilized psychosocial conditions.	325
Achievements (To have)	This category is also related to achieving goals, such as jobs, functions, etc., and not necessarily material goods.	191
Material aspects (To have)	This category deals with subjects who point to a life project with tendencies towards the need to acquire material goods.	126
Being “something”	This category identifies the manifestations of the subjects referring to the definitions of personality that they project on the idea of a good life.	77

Categories related to what it means to be a good person	Definition	Indexes
Ethical/moral character	Characteristics related to the moral traits of the personality.	531
Temperament characteristic	Characteristic associated with the person’s particularities, linked to the form of behavior. It’s a disposition trend.	25
Emotional characteristic	Characteristic that expresses the person’s manifestations of feelings and emotions.	22
Attitudinal characteristic	Characteristic associated with the way of acting, of expressing attitudes.	18
THEY DID NOT ANSWER		16

Categories that indicate how they would like to be remembered	Definition	Indexes
Don’t want to be remembered		3
Attitudinal	Characteristic associated with the way of acting, of expressing attitudes.	150
Character	Characteristic related to the moral traits of the personality.	133
Emotional	Characteristic that expresses the person’s manifestations of feelings and emotions.	124
Temperament	Characteristic associated with the person’s particularities, linked to the form of behavior. It’s a disposition trend.	73
THEY DID NOT ANSWER		53

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[TFN9] 1 Disposition designates the tendency, relatively stable over time, that a person has to behave in a certain way in certain situations (Allport, 1961). Source: Prepared by the authors.