This paper discusses the difficulties to implement emergency contraception (EC) in Brazilian Public Health Service, from 2000 to 2008, based on critical literature review and analysis of official documents on the theme. It shows advancements in health legislation, concerning the use of EC, that allow to recognize officially EC in Brazil as an emergency contraceptive alternative, beyond cases of sexual violence. The critical literature review - which includes data from Latin America, mainly, and some European, American, and Canadian studies - brings out issues related to the non-use of these norms by public health services in its everyday practice. This situation reveals strong social representations that are not easy to be reversed at once. Official Health Ministry and National Medical Professional Board documents were analyzed, in order to establish the legal, normative, and politicalinstitutional frameworks that guide the discussion. The analysis displays paradoxes between the established norms and the health services practices, such as: trouble accessing and using EC through public health services; health professionals and potential users commonly relate the morning after pill (MAP) to abortion; there is noticeable resistance of health services to making that method available, although researches point out substantial increase in its use; and there persists the idea that EC would lead users, especially teenagers, to abandon regular contraceptive methods, like condom - a fact not confirmed by the reviewed studies, once they show that teenagers that resort to EC are the ones that regularly use condom.
emergency contraception; postcoital contraception; health services; sexual and reproductive rights; adolescence