This paper aims to reflect on the emerging objects and theoretical, methodological and ethical challenges in contemporary medical anthropology, addressing two issues in particular: the challenged placed by advances in molecular biology, bio-technologies and predictive medicine, and the analysis of health and illness in the context of globalization. Medical anthropology seems to expand in the coming years in thematic networks around these two major centers: on the one hand, the new definitions of disease and health associated with advances in life sciences and how the human body is built, transformed and redefined as the locus of management of risk and uncertainty; on the other, an increasingly complex, globalized and unequal context we are living in make a more global anthropological approach also necessary, in which the health-disease process should be increasingly analyzed within a complex set of economic policies, international relations and mobility of populations through new approaches to interdisciplinary research nature.
medical anthropology; globalization; bio-technologies