Literature about family interactions of Down's syndrome children is scarce, especially regarding the father's involvement. This study compares the family interactions between two groups of pre-school children, one with Down's syndrome and the other with a typical development, highlighting the continuities and changes in their styles of family interaction for a period of two years. Ten families were visited in their homes and the child-mother, child-father, and child-mother-father interactions that developed during 'free activities' were recorded on video. 1050 minutes of video were analyzed by direct observation. The results show us that there are similarities but also differences in the frequency of activities, family member participation, and quality of parent-child interactions. And, that the families are dissimilar as to the patterns of stability and change, as time elapses. We suggest that it is very important to include the father and siblings in researches and to analyze the observational data considering the interactions of dyads, triads, and tetrads.
Family interactions; parental relationships; Down syndrome children; direct observation methodology
