Starting from the seventies, two frameworks investigating the approaches to learning emerged. The first one, qualitative, from Marton and collaborators’ studies, and the other one developed by Biggs and collaborators, and by Entwistle. Approaches to the learning evaluation was done with QPA (Questionário de Processos da Aprendizagem), a portuguese adaptation of Learning Processes Questionnaire. The dimensional structure of approaches to learning has been discussed in the literature, wondering if three factors superficial, deep and strategic, showed the most appropriate description of the construct. The data reinforce the conviction of two fundamental orientations to learning standing for the presence or absence of the intention to understand the material to learn, just as suggested in the initial studies by Marton and Saljo. A complementary discussion on the substantive nature of the strategic approach is needed on future research.
Approach to the learning; Learning strategies; Orientations to the learning; Motivation
