Adaptación transcultural y evaluación psicométrica del SATAQ-4R para adolescentes brasileños

Amaral, Ana Carolina Soares; Meireles, Juliana Fernandes Filgueiras; Neves, Clara Mockdece; Morgado, Fabiane Frota da Rocha; Ferreira, Maria Elisa Caputo

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Papers • Psico-USF 27 (2) • Apr-Jun 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-82712022270205 copiar

Adaptación transcultural y evaluación psicométrica del SATAQ-4R para adolescentes brasileños

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumen

El objetivo de este estudio fue adaptar culturalmente y evaluar las propiedades psicométricas del Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire - 4R (SATAQ-4R) entre adolescentes brasileños. Esta escala evalúa la influencia de los padres, amigos, medios de comunicación y personas importantes en la imagen corporal. En la primera etapa, se atestiguaron las equivalencias conceptuales, semánticas, operativas y de contenido. En la segunda etapa, participaron 285 chicas (M _edad = 15.54; DS = 1.59 años) y 323 chicos (M _edad = 15.34; DS = 1.66 años). Los resultados del Análisis Factorial Exploratorio mostraron una estructura factorial de 7 factores para las chicas y 6 factores para los chicos. Las asociaciones entre el SATAQ-4R e insatisfacción corporal, la conducta del desarrollo corporal, las actitudes alimentarias y la autoestima sugieren una buena validez convergente. Se concluye que el SATAQ-4R es un instrumento válido para adolescentes brasileños y se considera una buena alternativa para la evaluación de la internalización de los ideales de belleza e influencias socioculturales.

Palabras clave:
Imagen Corporal; Características Culturales; Psicometría; Estudios de Validación; Cuestionarios

Item	Pressure: Media	Pressure: Peers	Internalization: Muscularity	Pressure for Thinness/Low Body Fat: Family and Close People	Internalization: Thinness/Low Body Fat	Internalization: General Attractiveness	Pressure for Ideal Appearance: Family and Close People
24. I feel that the media pushes me to improve my physical shape.	.77
25. I feel that the media pushes me to look thinner.	.93
26. I feel that the media pushes me to improve my appearance.	.87
27. I feel that the media pushes me to reduce my body fat.	.92
16. My friends encourage me to become thinner.		.63
17. I feel that my friends push me to improve my appearance.		.79
18. I feel that my friends push me to improve my physical shape.		.78
19. My friends push me to reduce my body fat.		.88
1. It is important for me to look muscular.			.77
3. I spend a lot of time thinking about being muscular.			.64
7. I want my body to look muscular.			.91
11. I would like to have a very muscular body.			.73
12. I feel that my family pushes me to look thinner.				.51
14. My family pushes me to reduce my body fat.				.90
15. My family encourages me to improve my physical shape.				.80
20. Close people encourage me to become thinner.				.52
23. I feel that close people push me to reduce my body fat.				.38
5. I spend a lot of time thinking about being thin.					.77
8. I want my body to look very thin.					.66
10. I spend a lot of time thinking about having low body fat.					.47
2. It is important for me to look beautiful on my clothes.						.57
4. I spend a lot of time thinking about my appearance.						.51
6. I want to have a good appearance.						.66
9. It is important for me to look attractive.						.42
13. I feel that my family pushes me to improve my appearance.							.51
21. I feel that close people push me to improve my appearance.							.64
22. I feel that these close people push me to improve my physical shape.							.55

% Variance	28.8	8.61	7.96	5.57	3.96	2.66	2.32
Cronbach’s Alpha	.92	.83	.81	.83	.71	.64	.75
McDonald’s Omega	.92	.83	.82	.83	.71	.65	.76

Item	Pressure: Media	Pressure: Peers	Internalization: Muscularity/General Attractiveness	Pressure: Family	Internalization/Pressure: Thinness/Low Body Fat	Pressure: Close People
22. I feel that the media pushes me to improve my physical shape.	.80
23. I feel that the media pushes me to look thinner.	.77
24. I feel that the media pushes me to improve my appearance.	.82
25. I feel that the media pushes me to reduce my body fat..	.78
26. I feel that the media pushes me to become more muscular.	.92
27. I feel that the media pushes me to increase the size or the definition of my muscles.	.91
13. I feel that my friends push me to improve my appearance.		.98
14. I feel that my friends push me to improve my physical shape.		.91
15. I feel that my friends push me to become more muscular.		.69
16. My friends encourage me to increase the size or the definition of my muscles.		.45
17. I feel that close people push me to improve my appearance.		.49
1. It is important for me to look muscular.			.85
3. I spend a lot of time thinking about being muscular.			.54
5. I want my body to look muscular.			.84
6. I spend a lot of time thinking about my appearance.			.38
7. I would like to have a very muscular body.			.62
9. I feel that my family pushes me to improve my appearance.				.35
11. I feel that my family pushes me to look more muscular.				.69
12. My family encourages me to increase the size or the definition of my muscles.				.83
2. I want my body to look very thin.					.39
4. I spend a lot of time thinking about being thin.					.73
8. I feel that my family pushes me to look thinner.					.41
10. My family encourages me to improve my physical shape.					.27
19. I feel that close people push me to reduce my body fat.					.43
18. I feel that these close people push me to improve my physical shape.						.59
20. I feel that close people push me to become more muscular.						.74
21. I feel that close people push me to increase the size or the definition of my muscles.						.56

% Variance	32.27	11.63	8.19	6.24	5.01	3.91
Cronbach’s Alpha	.93	.88	.78	.70	.62	.78
McDonald’s Omega	.93	.89	.79	.71	.63	.78

	Eating Attitudes (EAT-26)	Body Dissatisfaction (SE)	Self-esteem (RSES)	Body Change (BCQ)	Eating Habits	Food Supplements	Weight Loss Strategy	Weight Gain Strategy	Muscle Tone Gain Strategy	Muscle Size Increase Strategy
*Adolescent Girls*
SATAQ-4R-Female	.59**	.46**	-.47	.60**
Pressure: Media	.43**	.33**	-.35	.37**	.13	.41**	.57**	.20*	.22**	.12
Pressure: Peers	.37**	.41**	-.26**	.43**	.12	.32**	.55**	.13	.23**	.12
Internalization: Muscularity	.49**	.29**	-.37**	.51**	.16*	.53**	.46**	.08	.33**	.30**
Pressure for Thinness/Low Body Fat: Family and Close People	.54**	.48**	-.45**	.51**	.17*	.50**	.60**	.16*	.22*	.10
Internalization: Thinness/Low Body Fat	.51**	.22*	-.32**	.58**	.13	.56**	.37**	.07	.42**	.47**
Internalization: General Attractiveness	.59**	.40**	-.36**	.58**	.11	.60**	.49**	.05	.34**	.30**
Pressure for Ideal Appearance: Family and Close People	.36**	.36**	-.20*	.43**	.09	.41**	.48**	.11	.25**	.22*
*Adolescent Boys*
SATAQ-4R-Male	.49**	.06	-.27**	.60**
Pressure: Media	.35**	.06	-.13*	.35**	.23**	.24**	.29**	.02	.32**	.29**
Pressure: Peers	.36**	.04	-.14*	.46**	.27**	.43**	.26**	.14*	.40**	.32**
Internalization: Muscularity/ General Attractiveness	.34**	.01	-.09	.68**	.31**	.58**	.18*	.30**	.56**	.64**
Pressure: Family	.30**	.13*	-.20*	.33**	.09	.32**	.12	.20*	.36**	.31**
Internalization/Pressure: Thinness/Low Body Fat	.47**	.38**	-.27**	.38**	.16*	.32**	.61**	.12	.27**	.18*
Pressure: Close People	.34**	.08	-.17*	.43**	.16*	.47**	.27**	.15*	.42**	.38**

Universidade de São Francisco, Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Psicologia R. Waldemar César da Silveira, 105, Vl. Cura D'Ars (SWIFT), Campinas - São Paulo, CEP 13045-510, Telefone: (19)3779-3771 - Campinas - SP - Brazil
E-mail: revistapsico@usf.edu.br

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[1] Contact: Ana Carolina Soares Amaral Rua Monsenhor José Augusto, 204, Bairro São José, Barbacena-MG, Brasil, CEP: 36205-018, Telefone: (+55) 32 98833 3073