Evidence of Intervention Effectiveness with Engaging Leaders in Hospital Physiotherapy

Silva, Letiene Ferreira Gazineu da; Vazquez, Ana Claudia Souza; Freitas, Clarissa Pinto Pizarro de; Almansa, Joice Franciele Friedrich; Plentz, Rodrigo Della Méa

doi:10.1590/1413-82712023280311

Letiene Ferreira Gazineu da Silva

Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8845-5429

Ana Claudia Souza Vazquez

Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7760-9266

Clarissa Pinto Pizarro de Freitas

Pontifícia Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2274-8728

Joice Franciele Friedrich Almansa

Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5695-5082

Rodrigo Della Méa Plentz

Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2662-8192

Contact: Ana Claudia Souza Vazquez. E-mail: anasv@ufcspa.edu.br

About the authors: Letiene Ferreira Gazineu da Silva - Psychologist and has a Master’s degree in Health Psychology from Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA). She works in organizational and professional development at Co-criar Desenvolvimento. Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Brazil. E-mail:letienefgs@gmail.com

Ana Claudia Souza Vazquez - Professor, Researcher and current Pro-Rector of People Management at the Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA). PhD in Business Administration from Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Department of Psychology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Brazil. E-mail:anasv@ufcspa.edu.br

Clarissa Pinto Pizarro de Freitas - PhD in Psychology from the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS/2016), Professor of the Graduate Program in Psychology at the Pontiphical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul. Pontiphical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. E-mail:freitas.cpp@gmail.com

Joice Franciele Friedrich Almansa - Doctoral student in Psychology at the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). She has a master’s degree from the Graduate Program in Psychology and Health at the Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA). Specialist in psychodrama Instituição Viver Psicologia: Psicodrama (2019). Graduate in Psychology at the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil. E-mail:joice.almansa@gmail.com

Rodrigo Della Méa Plentz - Department of Physiotherapy, is Doctor in Sciences from the Federal University of São Paulo, Post-Doctor from the Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia. Researcher in Cardiovascular Physiotherapy, Cardiopulmonary and Metabolic Rehabilitation and Exercise Physiology, Evidence-Based Pratice. Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Brazil. E-mail:rodrigop@ufcspa.edu.br

ID	Anxiety					Engagement
ID	T1	T2	RCI	T3	RCI	T1	T2	RCI	T3	RCI
1	2.29	2.12	-1	2.47	1	4.89	4.56	-2	3.33	-8 ^-
2	3.41	2.47	-4 ⁺	3.35	0	4.67	5.00	2	4.00	-3 ^-
3	2.18	2.18	0	2.53	2	3.11	3.56	2 ⁺	3.89	4 ⁺
4	2.82	2.12	-3 ⁺	2.12	-3 ⁺	5.00	5.56	3 ⁺	5.89	5 ⁺
5	2.65	2.24	-2	3.18	2 ^-	4.00	4.33	2	4.89	5 ⁺
6	2.12	1.65	-2 ⁺	1.53	-3 ⁺	4.44	4.56	1	4.44	0
7	3.00	1.88	-5 ⁺	2.00	-4 ⁺	4.89	4.11	-4 ^-	5.56	3 ⁺
8	1.82	1.94	1	1.29	-2 ⁺	5.22	5.56	2	5.11	-1
9	2.47	2.47	0	2.65	1	5.22	5.11	-1	4.22	-5 ^-
10	2.59	3.12	2 ^-	2.53	0	4.78	5.11	2	5.44	3 ⁺
11	2.59	2.12	-2 ⁺	2.71	1	5.00	4.56	-2 ^-	5.11	1
ID	Vigor					Dedication
ID	T1	T2	RCI	T3	RCI	T1	T2	RCI	T3	RCI
1	4.67	4.00	-2	3.00	-5 ^-	5.00	4.67	-1	3.67	-3 ^-
2	4.67	5.00	1	3.33	-4 ^-	5.00	5.00	0	4.00	-2 ^-
3	3.33	4.00	2	3.67	1	3.00	3.00	0	4.00	2 ⁺
4	4.67	5.67	3 ⁺	6.00	4 ⁺	5.00	5.67	2	6.00	2 ⁺
5	4.00	4.00	0	4.00	0	4.00	4.33	1	5.33	3 ⁺
6	4.33	4.67	1	4.33	0	4.33	5.00	2	4.67	1
7	6.00	5.00	-3 ^-	6.00	0	6.00	5.00	-2 ^-	6.00	0
8	4.67	5.00	1	5.00	1	6.00	6.00	0	5.00	-2 ^-
9	5.00	5.00	0	3.67	-4 ^-	5.33	5.33	0	4.67	-2
10	4.67	4.67	0	5.00	1	5.00	6.00	2 ⁺	5.67	2
11	5.33	4.67	-2	5.00	-1	5.00	5.00	0	5.33	1
ID	Absorption
ID	T1	T2	RCI	T3	RCI
1	5.00	5.00	0	3.33	-3 ^-
2	4.33	5.00	1	4.67	1
3	3.00	3.67	1	4.00	2 ⁺
4	5.33	5.33	0	5.67	1
5	4.00	4.67	1	5.33	3 ⁺
6	4.67	4.00	-1	4.33	-1
7	2.67	2.33	-1	4.67	4 ⁺
8	5.00	5.67	1	5.33	1
9	5.33	5.00	-1	4.33	-2 ^-
10	4.67	4.67	0	5.67	2 ⁺
11	4.67	4.00	-1	5.00	1

ID	GivEmotionalS					GivInstrumentalS
ID	T1	T2	RCI	T3	RCI	T1	T2	RCI	T3	RCI
1	20	21	1	22	1	17	19	1	18	1
2	25	23	-1	22	-2	16	18	1	17	1
3	15	17	1	18	2	12	15	2	16	3 ⁺
4	22	21	-1	25	2	18	18	0	20	1
5	25	25	0	24	-1	17	20	2	17	0
6	25	23	-1	23	-1	20	17	-2	18	-1
7	20	21	1	22	1	16	20	3 ⁺	16	0
8	25	25	0	25	0	19	18	-1	18	-1
9	25	25	0	25	0	20	20	0	18	-1
10	18	18	0	19	1	14	15	1	16	1
11	19	18	-1	17	-1	17	18	1	18	1
ID	RecEmotS					RecInstrumS
ID	T1	T2	RCI	T3	RCI	T1	T2	RCI	T3	RCI
1	35	35	0	35	0	18	20	1	20	1
2	35	35	0	35	0	20	20	0	20	0
3	34	35	1	34	0	18	20	1	20	1
4	31	35	3 ⁺	35	3 ⁺	19	18	-1	20	1
5	35	35	0	35	0	14	16	1	17	2 ⁺
6	35	35	0	34	-1	20	20	0	20	0
7	25	35	7 ⁺	33	6 ⁺	20	20	0	20	0
8	35	35	0	35	0	20	17	-2 ^-	20	0
9	35	34	-1	35	0	18	20	1	20	1
10	28	35	5⁺	32	3 ⁺	15	19	3 ⁺	19	3 ⁺
11	28	30	1	29	1	16	17	1	9	-5 ^-
ID	Hope					Gratitude
ID	T1	T2	RCI	T3	RCI	T1	T2	RCI	T3	RCI
1	36	36	0	34	-1	5.00	5.00	0	5.00	0
2	34	35	0	32	-1	5.00	5.00	0	5.00	0
3	26	30	2	31	2 ⁺	3.71	4.57	3 ⁺	4.86	4 ⁺
4	31	33	1	38	3 ⁺	5.00	5.00	0	5.00	0
5	27	33	3 ⁺	29	1	4.00	4.71	2 ⁺	5.00	3 ⁺
6	35	35	0	36	0	4.86	4.86	0	4.86	0
7	35	38	1	36	0	4.14	5.00	3 ⁺	5.00	3 ⁺
8	36	37	0	34	-1	4.57	4.14	-1	4.71	0
9	30	32	1	30	0	5.00	5.00	0	5.00	0
10	29	33	2	32	1	4.00	3.71	-1	4.29	1
11	33	34	0	31	-1	3.57	3.71	0	3.43	0

Variables	T1			T2			T3
Variables	M	SD	SE	M	SD	SE	M	SD	SE
Anxiety	2.54	0.44	0.13	2.54	0.44	0.13	2.54	0.44	0.13
Engagement	4.65	0.62	0.18	4.65	0.62	0.18	4.65	0.62	0.18
Vigor	4.66	0.68	0.20	4.66	0.68	0.20	4.66	0.68	0.20
Dedication	4.87	0.85	0.25	4.87	0.85	0.25	4.87	0.85	0.25
Absorption	4.42	0.88	0.26	4.42	0.88	0.26	4.42	0.88	0.26
GivEmotionalS	21.70	3.55	1.07	21.7	3.55	1.07	21.70	3.55	1.07
GivInstrumentalS	16.90	2.42	0.73	16.9	2.42	0.73	16.90	2.42	0.73
RecEmotS	32.30	3.72	1.12	32.3	3.72	1.12	32.30	3.72	1.12
RecInstrumS	18.00	2.14	0.64	18.00	2.14	0.64	18.00	2.14	0.64
Hope	32.00	3.60	1.08	32.00	3.60	1.08	32.00	3.60	1.08
Gratitude	4.44	0.56	0.17	4.44	0.56	0.17	4.44	0.56	0.17

Theme	Objective	Learning Spiral (Kolb, 2015Kolb, D. A. (2015). Experiential Learning. New Jersey: Person Education.)				Authors
Theme	Objective	Reflection	Analysis	Action	Experience	Authors
*Smart Round 1* Social Support and Relationship	Stimulate integration and bonding, social support with a balance of the giving and receiving elements.	Remember and note characteristics of positive relationships throughout your professional life.	Group word cloud.	Identification of needs for practice, what needs to increase for well-being.	Action plan: apply learning in practice as a leader throughout the week.	Bastianello & Hutz, 2016Bastianello, M., & Hutz, C. (2016). Escala de Suporte Social Percebido. Em C. Hutz (Ed.), Avaliação em Psicologia Positiva: Técnicas e Medidas (pp. 91-108). Porto Alegre: Hogrefe.
*Smart Round 1* Social Support and Relationship			Construction of cases (giving support/receiving support).
*Smart Round 2* Self-efficacy and Competency	Appreciate positive group events that contribute to a state of self-efficacy.	Application of what was planned in the previous meeting. What made sense in your practice as a leader? What worked well?	Theoretical explanation of Constructive Active Response and celebration of positive events in the role of leader.	Practice Active Constructive Response in pairs.	Action plan: what do you want to do in your practice with the work teams?	Seligman, 2011; Bandura, 1977/1995
*Smart Round 3* Engagement and Autonomy	Provide comprehension of engagement at work and new ideas applicable to the leader in balancing job resources and demands.	Search memory for professional activities that brought: satisfaction, energy, contribution and meaning.	Explanation of the engagement construct in the JD-R model and of autonomy as a resource in the work element. Exploring roles, their resources and demands (home office, physiotherapy).	Practice mapping resources and demands in your work reality and that of your team.	Action plan: what possible changes in your way of leading create resources? What organizational demands need to be managed to protect your team?	Schaufeli, Dijkstra & Vazquez, 2013Schaufeli, W., Dijkstra, P., & Vazquez, A. C. (2013). Engajamento no Trabalho. Porto Alegre: Casa do Psicólogo.; Harju, Schaufeli & Hakanen, 2017; Vazquez & Schaufeli, 2020Vazquez, A. C., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2020). Avaliação do Engajamento no trabalho. Em C. S. Hutz, D. Bandeira, C. M. Trentini, & A. C. Vazquez (Eds.), Avaliação Psicológica no Contexto Organizacional e do Trabalho (pp. 217-225). Porto Alegre: Artmed.
*Smart Round 3* Engagement and Autonomy		Adaptations in the pandemic, what new demands?
*Smart Round 4* Hope and Meaning	Recognize hope as a resource for new routes and creativity in when faced with adverse situations.	Directed activity: Remember your professional choice, what made you choose physiotherapy? Activity of naming worries and feelings.	Recognize as a group what has been done in relation to concerns. Ask for help if you need it.	What is the level of hope now? What alternatives, routes?	Action Plan: How will you put what you’ve learned into practice? How will it be useful to you and the team?	Snyder, 2002Snyder, C. R. (2002). Hope theory: Rainbows in the mind. Psychological Inquiry, 13(4), 249-275. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1304_01 https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1304... ; Vazquez et al., 2019Vazquez, A. C., Almansa, J. F., Freitas, C. P., & Hutz, C. S. (2019). Evidência de Validade da Escala Brasileira de Gratidão (B-GRAT) na Psicologia Positiva. Avaliação Psicológica, 18(4), 392-399. https://dx.doi.org/10.15689/ap.2019.1804.18595.07 https://dx.doi.org/10.15689/ap.2019.1804...
*Smart Round 4* Hope and Meaning			Concept of Hope.	What is the level of hope now? What alternatives, routes?
*Smart Round 5* Gratitude and Meaning	Encourage the group to practice gratitude when faced with work challenges.	Three good things that represent this group (word cloud)	Gratitude theme opening.	Experience the state of gratitude by connecting memories.	Gratitude practice: Each group member receives thanks from all members (11 rounds).	Seligman, 2011; Vazquez et al., 2019Vazquez, A. C., Almansa, J. F., Freitas, C. P., & Hutz, C. S. (2019). Evidência de Validade da Escala Brasileira de Gratidão (B-GRAT) na Psicologia Positiva. Avaliação Psicológica, 18(4), 392-399. https://dx.doi.org/10.15689/ap.2019.1804.18595.07 https://dx.doi.org/10.15689/ap.2019.1804...
*Smart Round 6* Engaging Leadership	Integrate concepts developed during the meetings.	Search memory for the memories, emotions and thoughts about the Smart Rounds and work up to here.	Construction of the timeline of the meetings.	Practice - where you need to put energy and dedication, in which necessity do you need to invest.	Action Plan: How can you practice creating space to satisfy these needs at work?	Schaufeli, 2015Schaufeli, W. B. (2015). Engaging leadership in the job demands-resources model. The Career Development International, 20(5), 446-463. https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-02-2015-0025 https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-02-2015-0025... ; Rahmadani et al., 2019Rahmadani, V. G., Schaufeli, W. B., Ivanova, T. Y., & Osin, E. N. (2019). Basic psychological need satisfaction mediates the relationship between engaging leadership and work engagement: A cross-national study. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 453-471. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrdq.21366 https://doi.org/10.1002/hrdq.21366... ; Nikolova, Schaufeli, & Notelaers, 2019
*Smart Round 6* Engaging Leadership	Integrate concepts developed during the meetings.		Concepts, basic needs and positive emotions/states worked on.

[1] Contact: Ana Claudia Souza Vazquez. E-mail: anasv@ufcspa.edu.br

Brasil

Brasil

Evidence of Intervention Effectiveness with Engaging Leaders in Hospital Physiotherapy

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Abstract