Osseous malformation in calves and its relationship with ingestion of apple pomace in pregnant cows

Malformações ósseas em bezerros e sua relação com a ingestão de bagaço de maçã por vacas prenhes

ABSTRACT:

Three outbreaks of osseous malformation in claves born of cows fed apple pomace throughout pregnancy are described. This study was carried out from historical surveys on properties where apple pomace was used in cattle feeding. The outbreaks occurred in the municipalities of Lages, Santa Catarina state, from 2007 to 2012, and Ipê, Rio Grande do Sul state, from 2011 to 2012. These calves presented bone deformity characterized mainly by arthrogryposis and chondrodysplasia of the anterior limbs. At necropsy, the observed changes were restricted to bending and thickening of the anterior limbs and skull. Microscopically, a disorganized, irregular, misaligned hypertrophic zone was observed in the humeral-radio-ulnar joints, in addition to absence of growth zone, thin bone trabeculae, and closed epiphyseal growth plate.

INDEX TERMS:
Osseous malformation; calves; ingestion; apple pomace; pregnant cows; cattle; pathology