Seroprevalence of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> in equidae from Northeast Brazil

Guerra, Neurisvan R.; Almeida, Jonatas C.; Silva, Elâine L.; Silva, Edson M.; Santos, José A.M.; Lepold, Raphael; Mota, Rinaldo A.; Alves, Leucio C.

doi:10.1590/1678-5150-PVB-5143

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Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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Sumário

ANIMAIS DE PRODUÇÃO • Pesq. Vet. Bras. 38 (03) • Mar 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-PVB-5143 copy

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in equidae from Northeast Brazil

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT:

This paper reports seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in horses kept in different forms of breeding system in the state of Pernambuco. For that, 400 blood serum samples from clinically healthy horses were analyzed through the test of modified agglutination (MAT) considering cut-off of 1:25. Data related to the characteristics of the animals and herds, breeding system, presence of other animals, age, gender, breed, aptitude, and physical conditions were collected throughout investigative surveys. IgG anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies were detected in 12.5% (50/400) of the analyzed animals. In the 12 studied towns, there was a positivity in 91. 67% (11/12) with a variation between 4% and 33.3%. When the risk factors were evaluated, only the mesoregion factor (p=0.029) had an association with the infection, particularly the Zona da Mata region (OR=3), followed by the Recife Metropolitan Area (OR=2.2), Agreste region (OR=1.7) and Sertão region (OR=1). The results shows the presence of the parasites on the studied area, which may represent a link with the transmission chain of toxoplasmosis which has influence on the public health system, considering that Brazil is the eighth greatest exporter of equine meat in the world.

INDEX TERMS:
Seroprevalence; Toxoplasma gondii; equidae; Northeast Brazil; risk factor; public health; zoonosis; parasitic disease; serology; parasitoses

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[1] *Autor para correspondência: neurisvan.guerra@hotmail.com

Ponto	Município	Latitude	Longitude
1	Bodocó 1	-07 45’ 08,97415”	-39 58’ 07,85099”
2	Bodocó 2	-07 44’ 45,50133”	-40 00’ 26,96469”
3	Bodocó 3	-07 44’ 41,45777”	-40 00’ 34,28611”
4	Bodocó 4	-07 44’ 41,50432”	-40 01’ 00,84211”
5	Bodocó 5	-07 46’ 18,80425”	-39 57’ 37,17433”
6	Bodocó 6	-07 45’ 58,74057”	-39 56’ 54,87055”
7	Cabo 1	-08 18’ 02,23575”	-35 03’ 29,12380”
8	Camocim 1	-08 20’ 40,54688”	-35 46’ 38,39455”
9	Camocim 2	-08 20’ 57,54059”	-35 46’ 31,18511”
10	Camocim 3	-08 20’ 26,96303”	-35 46’ 37,54494”
11	Igarassu 1	-07 51’ 56,09086”	-34 55’ 41,84914”
12	Itamaracá 1	-07 42’ 52,90505”	-34 50’ 14,29776”
13	Jaboatão 1	-08 10’ 36,26206”	-35 00’ 09,85791”
14	Lagoa 1	-07 50’ 44,88072”	-35 17’ 49,07876”
15	Lagoa 2	-07 50’ 42,51450”	-35 17’ 51,91043”
16	Lagoa 3	-07 50’ 42,52201”	-35 17’ 48,02910”
17	Lagoa 4	-07 50’ 17,67030”	-35 17’ 41,46126”
18	Limoeiro 1	-07 53’ 39,43967”	-35 25’ 42,60819”
19	Limoeiro 2	-07 53’ 38,56796”	-35 25’ 38,30602”
20	Limoeiro 3	-07 53’ 29,57279”	-35 25’ 58,67605”
21	Limoeiro 4	-07 53’ 49,95831”	-35 26’ 27,21517”
22	Limoeiro 5	-07 53’ 24,69632”	-35 25’ 56,77255”
23	Moreno 1	-08 06’ 01,10375”	-35 05’ 04,46294”
24	Ouricuri 1	-07 50’ 21,03414”	-40 04’ 01,04681”
25	Ouricuri 2	-07 51’ 00,44716”	-40 03’ 34,97971”
26	Ouricuri 3	-07 50’ 50,23540”	-40 02’ 20,12848”
27	Ouricuri 4	-07 50’ 49,13946”	-40 02’ 00,87680”
28	Ouricuri 5	-07 50’ 23,58455”	-40 01’ 37,55474”
29	Ouricuri 6	-07 50’ 07,91591”	-40 01’ 13,18492”
30	Ouricuri 7	-07 49’ 39,90624”	-40 00’ 36,62414”
31	Ouricuri 8	-07 50’ 00,46400”	-40 01’ 07,85356”
32	Paudalho 1	-07 55’ 59,59128”	-35 07’ 50,09376”
33	Paudalho 2	-07 55’ 42,71233”	-35 08’ 22,37079”
34	Surubim 1	-07 51’ 07,15375”	-35 45’ 36,75855”
35	Surubim 2	-07 51’ 01,29399”	-35 44’ 41,13232”
36	Surubim 3	-07 49’ 55,25134”	-35 46’ 41,70498”
37	Surubim 4	-07 49’ 53,96314”	-35 44’ 44,30235”
38	Surubim 5	-07 51’ 21,34232”	-35 44’ 21,74619”
39	Surubim 6	-07 50’ 05,30249”	-35 46’ 30,58097”
40	Surubim 7	-07 50’ 11,13665”	-35 44’ 37,30367”
41	Surubim 8	-07 49’ 48,91579”	-35 44’ 38,53657”

Variáveis		N	Sorologia positiva		Valor P	Regressão logística OR (IC 95%)	Valor P
Alimentação
	Sem suplementação	89	11	(12,4%)	0,844^a
	Com suplementação	170	23	(13,5%)
	Mista	141	16	(11,3%)
Espécie
	Equina	387	48	(12,4%)		1
	Asinina	4	2	(50,0%)	0,040^a	7,0 (0,9-51,3)	0,053
	Muar	9	0	(0,0%)		**	0,973
Idade (anos)
	< 2,5	90	8	(8,9%)	0,339^a
	Entre 2,5 e 11	276	39	(14,1%)
	≥ 11	34	3	(8,8%)
Presença de gatos
	Sim	28	4	(14,3%)	0,766^b
	Não	372	46	(12,4%)
Raça de equinos
	Mangalarga (ML)	5	1	(20,0%)	0,637^a
	Marchador (MM)	103	15	(14,6%)
	Quarto de milha	201	21	(10,4%)
	Sem raça definida	91	13	(14,3%)
Sexo
	Fêmea	165	21	(12,7%)	0,908^a
	Macho	235	29	(12,3%)
Tipo de criação
	A campo	158	17	(10,8%)	0,310^b
	Estabulado	101	17	(16,8%)
	Semi-estabulado	141	16	(11,3%)
Região
	Sertão	88	6	(6,8%)	0,142^a	1
	Agreste	116	13	(11,2%)		1,7 (0,6-4,7)	0,290
	RMR	107	15	(14,0%)		2,2 (0,8-6,0)	0,113
	Zona da Mata	89	16	(18,0%)		3,0 (1,1-8,0)	0,029*