Células gliais do sistema nervoso central de Bothrops jararaca (Reptilia, Ofidae): um estudo ultraestrutural

Muito embora as características ultraestruturais da neuróglia madura do sistema nervoso central (SNC) sejam bem descritas em mamíferos, muito pouco é conhecido em répteis, especialmente em serpentes. Neste contexto, dois espécimes de Bothrops jararaca foram eutanasiados para análise morfológica das células gliais presentes no SNC. Amostras de telencéfalo, mesencéfalo e medula espinhal foram coletadas e processadas para investigação por microscopia de luz e eletrônica de transmissão. Astrócitos, oligodendócitos, células microgliais e ependimárias, bem como bainhas de mielina, apresentaram características ultraestruturais similares àquelas já observadas em mamíferos e tenderam a manter seu aspecto geral pelas diferentes regiões observadas no SNC. Similaridades morfológicas entre as células gliais de mamíferos e de répteis estão provavelmente ligadas a sua conservação evolutiva ao longo da filogenia dos vertebrados.

Termos de Indexação
Bothrops jararaca ; SNC; glia; répteis; ultraestrutura.

Autoria

Eduardo F. Bondan ^**Cor responding author:bondan@uol.com.br

Departamento de Patologia Experimental e Ambiental, Universidade Paulista (Unip), Rua Luís Góis 2211, São Paulo, SP 04043-200, Brazil.Universidade PaulistaBrazilSão Paulo, SP, BrazilDepartamento de Patologia Experimental e Ambiental, Universidade Paulista (Unip), Rua Luís Góis 2211, São Paulo, SP 04043-200, Brazil.

Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, Av. Dr. Ussiel Cirilo 225, São Paulo, SP 08060-070, Brazil.Universidade Cruzeiro do SulBrazilSão Paulo, SP, BrazilDepartamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, Av. Dr. Ussiel Cirilo 225, São Paulo, SP 08060-070, Brazil.

Maria de Fátima M. Martins

Rita Sinigaglia-Coimbra

Centro de Microscopia Eletrônica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), Edifício de Ciências Biomédicas, Rua Botucatu 862, São Paulo, SP 04023-062, Brazil.Universidade Federal de São PauloBrazilSão Paulo, SP, BrazilCentro de Microscopia Eletrônica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), Edifício de Ciências Biomédicas, Rua Botucatu 862, São Paulo, SP 04023-062, Brazil.

Rose Eli G. Rici

Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo, SP 05508-270, Brazil.Universidade de São PauloBrazilSão Paulo, SP, BrazilDepartamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo, SP 05508-270, Brazil.

Maria Angélica Miglino

Dominguita L. Graca

Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima 1000, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil.Universidade Federal de Santa MariaBrazilSanta Maria, RS, BrazilDepartamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima 1000, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil.

Rogério L. Zacariotti

*Cor responding author:bondan@uol.com.br

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figuras

Figuras (7)

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Fig.1:
(A) A light and (B) two dark oligodendrocytes (O) near myelinated axons in the mesencephalon of a Bothrops jararaca specimen. (A) The palely staining cytoplasm contained free ribossomes, numerous mitochondria, a Golgi complex and microtubules. (B) The cytoplasm appeared to be more electron-dense and nuclear chromatin tended to be arranged in clumps. In both oligodendrocyte types it is not unusual for the cistern of the nuclear envelope and the cisternae of the granular endoplasmic reticulum to be distended. (A) Bar = 2μm; (B) Bar = 2μm.

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Fig.2:
(A) Astrocyte with cytoplasm packed with gliofilaments (asterisk). (B) Astrocytic process presenting large bundles of filaments (asterisk) and some glycogen granules (arrow). It is possible to note a synaptic junction (arrowhead) between a dendrite (d) and an axon terminal (a). The axon terminal contains spherical vesicles and the presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes are separated by a cleft that contains intercellular material. The postsynaptic membrane has a prominent coating of dense material on its cytoplasmic face. (A) Spinal cord. Bar = 1μm; (B) Mesencephalon. Bar = 1μm.

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Fig.3:
(A) Myelinated axons in spinal cord white matter. (B) In the myelin sheath the alternating lines are visible. (C) At higher magnification a series of alternating lines can be seen, dark (major dense lines - arrow) and less dark (intraperiod lines - arrowhead), separated by unstained zones. (A) Bar= 0.5μm; (B) Bar = 0.2μm; (C) Bar = 200nm.

Thumbnail

Fig.4:
This microglial-like cell (M) has a nucleus with irregular outline in which chromatin is clumped beneath the nuclear envelope and a thin rim of cytoplasm. Note its long and thin processes (arrow). Subpial area of the spinal cord. Bar= 1μm.

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Fig.5:
(A) Ependymal cells (E) with light nuclei and homogeneous chromatin lining the walls of the central canal (asterisk) of the spinal cord and above some cells with clumped chromatin. (B) Ependymal cells present at their apical ends short and uneven microvilli (arrows) as well as cilia (C). The apical end of the intercellular junction is marked by zonullae adhaerentes (arrowhead). (A) Bar = 5μm, (B) Bar = 1μm.

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Fig.6:
Subependymal layer of the spinal cord with small and dark cells and cells with pale nuclei. Bar = 2μm.

Thumbnail

Fig.7:
(A) Subpial areas of the mesencephalon presenting large bundles of collagen fibers (c) and phagocytic cells, some of them presenting vesicles (v). (B) Note their thin cytoplasmic processes (arrows) and the large number of mitochondria (arrowheads). (A) Bar = 2μm, (B) Bar = 1μm.

Fig.1: (A) A light and (B) two dark oligodendrocytes (O) near myelinated axons in the mesencephalon of a Bothrops jararaca specimen. (A) The palely staining cytoplasm contained free ribossomes, numerous mitochondria, a Golgi complex and microtubules. (B) The cytoplasm appeared to be more electron-dense and nuclear chromatin tended to be arranged in clumps. In both oligodendrocyte types it is not unusual for the cistern of the nuclear envelope and the cisternae of the granular endoplasmic reticulum to be distended. (A) Bar = 2μm; (B) Bar = 2μm.

Fig.2: (A) Astrocyte with cytoplasm packed with gliofilaments (asterisk). (B) Astrocytic process presenting large bundles of filaments (asterisk) and some glycogen granules (arrow). It is possible to note a synaptic junction (arrowhead) between a dendrite (d) and an axon terminal (a). The axon terminal contains spherical vesicles and the presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes are separated by a cleft that contains intercellular material. The postsynaptic membrane has a prominent coating of dense material on its cytoplasmic face. (A) Spinal cord. Bar = 1μm; (B) Mesencephalon. Bar = 1μm.

Fig.3: (A) Myelinated axons in spinal cord white matter. (B) In the myelin sheath the alternating lines are visible. (C) At higher magnification a series of alternating lines can be seen, dark (major dense lines - arrow) and less dark (intraperiod lines - arrowhead), separated by unstained zones. (A) Bar= 0.5μm; (B) Bar = 0.2μm; (C) Bar = 200nm.

Fig.4: This microglial-like cell (M) has a nucleus with irregular outline in which chromatin is clumped beneath the nuclear envelope and a thin rim of cytoplasm. Note its long and thin processes (arrow). Subpial area of the spinal cord. Bar= 1μm.

Fig.5: (A) Ependymal cells (E) with light nuclei and homogeneous chromatin lining the walls of the central canal (asterisk) of the spinal cord and above some cells with clumped chromatin. (B) Ependymal cells present at their apical ends short and uneven microvilli (arrows) as well as cilia (C). The apical end of the intercellular junction is marked by zonullae adhaerentes (arrowhead). (A) Bar = 5μm, (B) Bar = 1μm.

Fig.6: Subependymal layer of the spinal cord with small and dark cells and cells with pale nuclei. Bar = 2μm.

Fig.7: (A) Subpial areas of the mesencephalon presenting large bundles of collagen fibers (c) and phagocytic cells, some of them presenting vesicles (v). (B) Note their thin cytoplasmic processes (arrows) and the large number of mitochondria (arrowheads). (A) Bar = 2μm, (B) Bar = 1μm.

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Células gliais do sistema nervoso central de Bothrops jararaca (Reptilia, Ofidae): um estudo ultraestrutural

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[1] *Cor responding author:bondan@uol.com.br