Immunostaining of stromal CD56 cells in ovarian malignancies

Lima, Cid Almeida de; Jammal, Millena Prata; Etchebehere, Renata Margarida; Murta, Eddie Fernando Candido; Nomelini, Rosekeila Simões

doi:10.1590/1806-9282.20220992

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Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira

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Original Article • Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. 69 (6) • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.20220992 copy

Immunostaining of stromal CD56 cells in ovarian malignancies

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

SUMMARY

OBJECTIVES:

The aim of this study was to evaluate CD56 immunostaining in the stroma of benign and malignant ovarian epithelial neoplasms and associate the CD56 immunostaining with prognostic factors and survival in ovarian cancer.

METHODS:

Patients with ovarian epithelial neoplasia (n=77) were studied with a prospective cohort. The CD56 immunostaining was evaluated in the peritumoral stroma. Two groups were evaluated: benign ovarian neoplasms (n=40) and malignant ovarian neoplasms (n=37). Data were recorded for histological type and grade, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics staging, molecular subtype, and lymph node metastases. Fisher’s exact test and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used, with a significance level of ≤0.05.

RESULTS:

We found greater CD56 stromal immunostaining in malignant neoplasms when compared to the group of benign neoplasms (p=0.00001). There was no significant difference in relation to the prognostic factors and survival.

CONCLUSION:

Malignant ovarian neoplasms showed higher stromal CD56 immunostaining. As the prognostic value of natural killer in ovarian cancer is controversial, knowing the specific function of each cell present both in the tumor tissue and systemically may help guide successful immunotherapies in the near future.

KEYWORDS:
CD56 antigen; Killer cells, natural; Ovarian neoplasms; Prognosis

		0	1/2/3	p-value
CD56	Benign neoplasms	39/40 (97.5%)	1/40 (2.5%)	0.00001^* * Fisher’s exact test. 0: ≤25% of labeled cells; 1: 26–50% of labeled cells; 2: 51–75% of labeled cells; 3: ≥76% of labeled cells. Benign neoplasms: n=40; malignant neoplasms: n=37.
CD56	Malignant neoplasms	18/37 (48.6%)	19/37 (51.4%)

		CD56 0	CD56 1,2,3	p-value^* * Fisher’s exact test. 0: ≤25% of labeled cells; 1: 26–50% of labeled cells; 2: 51–75% of labeled cells; 3: ≥76% of labeled cells. Malignant neoplasms: n=37.
Histological grade (n=37)	1	8/17 (47.1%)	9/17 (52.9%)	0.7463
Histological grade (n=37)	2/3	8/20 (40.0%)	12/20 (60.0%)	0.7463
Staging (FIGO) (n=37)	I/II	11/21 (52.4%)	10/21 (47.6%)	0.5085
Staging (FIGO) (n=37)	III/IV	6/16 (37.5%)	10/16 (62.5%)	0.5085
Molecular subtype (n=37)	I	11/20 (55.0%)	9/20 (45.0%)	0.3248
Molecular subtype (n=37)	II	6/17 (35.3%)	11/17 (64.7%)	0.3248
Lymph node metastasis (n=24)	Positive	2/5 (40.0%)	3/5 (60.0%)	1.0000
Lymph node metastasis (n=24)	Negative	7/19 (36.8%)	12/19 (63.2%)	1.0000

Histological subtypes	IH 0	IH 1	IH 2	IH 3
Endometrioid adenocarcinoma	0	0	1	0
Clear cell carcinoma	1	0	0	0
Cystoadenocarcinoma	2	0	0	1
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma	2	0	0	0
Serous papillary cystadenocarcinoma	4	4	4	2
Borderline atypical proliferative endometrioid tumor	1	0	0	0
Borderline mucinous tumor	7	1	2	2
Borderline serous tumor	0	0	0	3

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[1] *Corresponding author: rosekeila@terra.com.br, rosekeila.nomelini@pesquisador.cnpq.br