Conhecimentos e atitudes das enfermeiras em relação aos direitos dos pacientes: exemplo de Corum, Turquia

Akca, Selen Ozakar; Akpinar, Yeliz Yelen; Habbani, Turgay

doi:10.1590/1806-9282.61.05.452

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Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira

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ORIGINAL ARTICLES • Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. 61 (5) • Sep-Oct 2015 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.61.05.452 copiar

Conhecimentos e atitudes das enfermeiras em relação aos direitos dos pacientes: exemplo de Corum, Turquia

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumo

Objetivo:

como a proteção dos direitos do paciente e o fornecimento de direitos relativos aos cuidados de saúde estão estreitamente relacionados à profissão de enfermagem, as enfermeiras devem ter um conhecimento impecável sobre o assunto. Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar os conhecimentos e as atitudes das enfermeiras que trabalham na Turquia em relação aos direitos do paciente e criar uma base para um programa educacional a ser planificado.

Métodos:

não foi feita uma seleção da amostra para este estudo; todas as enfermeiras (n=939) que trabalharam durante o período em que o estudo foi efetuado constituíram a amostra. Formulários do questionário foram utilizados como instrumentos de recolhimento de dados.

Resultados:

neste estudo, foi constatado que 92.3% receberam formação sobre direitos dos pacientes, 2.2% nunca ouviram nada sobre o termo e 86.6% tomaram conhecimento do termo por meio de fontes externas à escola. Determinou- -se que as atitudes das enfermeiras em relação aos direitos do paciente são diferentes para cada paciente e que essa taxa varia entre 35.8 e 98.1%.

Conclusão:

há uma demanda de estudos dedicados aos direitos dos pacientes, pois desempenham um papel importante no desenvolvimento dos serviços de saúde. Nesse sentido, centros de direito do paciente devem ser estabelecidos e geridos de acordo com o modelo previsto no sistema de saúde nacional e internacional. Estudos com objetivo de informar profissionais de saúde e familiares de pacientes sobre os direitos dos pacientes devem ser efetuados.

Palavras-chave:
direitos do paciente; enfermeiras; satisfação do paciente

Characteristics		n	%
Graduated from	Medical Vocational high school	232	24.7
	Vocational health high school (2 years)	262	27.9
	Nursing school (4 years)	320	34.1
	Nursing school associate degree	92	9.8
	Postgraduate and above	33	3.5
Marital status	Married	681	72.5
Marital status	Single	258	27.5
Number of children	None	273	29.1
	1	197	21.0
	2	360	38.3
	>2	109	11.6
Working unit	Clinic	669	71.2
	Policlinic	136	14.5
	Intensive care	134	14.3
Total working time (year)	≤ 5	275	29.3
	6-10	226	24.1
	11-15	169	18.0
	≥ 16	269	28.6
Did you receive an education regarding patient rights?	Yes	867	92.3
Did you receive an education regarding patient rights?	No	72	7.7
Where did you hear the term patient rights for the first time?	I have never heard it	21	2.2
	Book	23	2.4
	Television	44	4.7
	Internet	8	0.9
	School	105	11.2
	Hospital	713	75.9
	Brochure	13	1.4
	Seminar	12	1.3
Have you ever faced any problems concerning patient rights?	Yes	411	43.8
Have you ever faced any problems concerning patient rights?	No	528	56.2

Rights	Agree	Disagree
Patients should benefit from the activities that are promoting healthy life and preventive health services in accordance with the principles of justice and fairness.	96.5	3.5
He/she must receive friendly, courteous, compassionate health care services by showing respect, care and attention.	97.1	2.9
He/she must receive health care in an environment where all kind of hygienic conditions are provided; all noisy and uncomfortable factors shall be eliminated.	96.7	3.3
Patient has the right to benefit from any kind of health care services that are required by conditions.	96.7	3.3
Patient should receive service without taking into account race, language, religion or creed, sex, political opinion, philosophical belief, economic or social status.	97.6	2.4
He/she should receive health care services in a safe environment.	98.1	1.9
Patients may require that he/she, family or relatives to be informed about health status, except for mandatory situations related to public health.	96.2	3.8
He/she must be able to accept visitors in accordance with the principles and procedures, which are determined by the institutions and organizations.	96.0	4.0
Patients may require companion within the possibilities of health institutions and organizations and if it is deemed appropriate by the physician.	96.3	3.7
In case of violation of rights, he/she has the right to be able to use complaints and lawsuits and any application within the framework of legislation	89.0	11.0
Patients have the right to receive diagnosis, treatment and care in compliance with medical needs, and they also have right to refuse it.	94.0	6.0
He/she has the right to choose and change health institutions if necessary.	96.6	3.4
Patients must get all kind of health service in an environment that is suitable for confidentiality.	95.8	4.2
Medical intervention may be performed without patient consent in cases where health measures should be taken if it concerns public health and medical necessity.	90.3	9.7
Patients may demand all kind of information related to their health status, verbally or in writing.	92.3	7.7
In any medical intervention, patient's consent must be obtained and he/she should benefit from services within the frame of the consent.	92.5	7.5
The patient should be informed of any attempt related to him/her.	93.4	6.6
He/she can refuse or stop the treatment.	92.4	7.6
They can fulfill their religious obligations, within the frame of the measures taken by the administration and the extent of the organization's capabilities.	94.8	5.2
In case of worsen situation that can increase the illness by corrupting the morale, the diagnosis can be hidden.	81.7	18.3
Health care personnel are obliged to protect the patient’s health, relieve his/her suffer and must be able to do any attempt including euthanasia.	35.8	64.2
Physician and other personnel who provide health services have the right to learn their duties and titles, including identification information, and should be able to elect and change the service personnel.	74.0	26.0
The advocacy role of nurses in patient rights gives them the responsibility to advocate in the patient's best interest when patient rights are violated or ignored in health care system.	77.8	22.2
Nurses have to contact the patient and his/her family for the benefit of the patient, with the purpose of aiding and carrying out communications in this context.	86.6	13.4
Nurses must be adequate in terms of knowledge, skills and values, and should renew and improve himself/herself in case of change and it should be reflected in practice.	95.2	4.8
Nursery education must be organized in a way that nurses can maintain adequate and qualified services in changing society.	95.0	5.0
Nurses play many roles at the same time: taking care of patients, advising, giving emotional support and protecting the rights of patient.	91.7	8.3
The advocacy role of nurses is defined in health system as an independent role like a policy maker role in order to defend patient rights when they are violated or ignored.	80.8	19.2

Characteristics		N	± SD	F	p
Graduated from	Medical vocational high school	232	0.88 ± 0.18	x2	0.714
	Vocational health high school (2 years)	262	0.90 ± 0.16	0.285
	Nursing school (4 years)	320	0.90 ± 0.14
	Nursing school associate degree	92	0.91 ± 0.88
	Post graduate and above	33	0.92 ± 0.79
Marital status	Married	681	0.90 ± 0.18	0.197	0.019^* * p < 0.05,
Marital status	Single	258	0.88 ± 0.20
Number of children	None	273	0.88 ± 0.18	0.293	0.065
	1	197	0.92 ± 0.11
	2	360	0.90 ± 0.14
	> 2	109	0.88 ± 0.19
Working unit	Clinic	669	0.89 ± 0.16	0.218	0.363
	Policlinic	136	0.89 ± 0.15
	Intensive care	134	0.91 ± 0.13
Total working time (year)	≤ 5	275	0.89 ± 0.17	0.287	0.105
	6-10	226	0.91 ± 0.11
	11-15	169	0.91 ± 0.14
	≥ 16	269	0.88 ± 0.17
Did you receive an education regarding patient rights?	Yes	867	0.90 ± 0.15	0.100	0.986
Did you receive an education regarding patient rights?	No	72	0.89 ± 0.18
Where did you hear the term patient rights for the first time?	I have never heard it	21	0.80 ± 0.27	0.480	0.000^ p < 0.01
	Book, seminar, brochure	48	0.87 ± 0.28
	Television, internet	52	0.85 ± 0.21
	School	105	0.90 ± 0.13
	Hospital	713	0.90 ± 0.14
Have you ever faced any problems concerning patient rights?	Yes	411	0.90 ± 0.16	M-W-U 0.192	0.032^* * p < 0.05,
Have you ever faced any problems concerning patient rights?	No	528	0.89 ± 0.15
Total		939	0.96 ± 0.15

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