Relationship between cervical spinal cord morphometry and clinical disability in patients with multiple sclerosis

Celik, Nihal Gurlek; Karabulut, Ahmet Kagan; Fazliogullari, Zeliha; Gumus, Haluk; Cebeci, Hakan; Dogan, Nadire Unver

doi:10.1590/1806-9282.20230949

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Original Article • Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. 69 (12) • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.20230949 copy

Relationship between cervical spinal cord morphometry and clinical disability in patients with multiple sclerosis

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

SUMMARY

OBJECTIVE:

Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease that commonly affects the cervical part of the spinal cord. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between cervical spinal cord atrophy and clinical disability in multiple sclerosis patients.

METHODS:

We examined the cervical spinal cord area measurements of 64 multiple sclerosis patients and 64 healthy control groups over the images obtained by a T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging device.

RESULTS:

The C2-3, C3-4, C4-5, and C6-7 axial cross-sectional surface area values of the patient group were statistically lower than those of the control group (p<0.05). A negative correlation was found between patients’ Expanded Disability Status Scale scores and C4-5, C5-6, and C6-7 axial area (axial area p<0.05; r1=-0.472, r2=-0.513, and r3=-0.415).

CONCLUSION:

When all parameters were evaluated, the data of our control group were found to be higher than the multiple sclerosis groups. There appears to be a significant relationship between patients with cervical spinal cord atrophy and an increase in Expanded Disability Status Scale scores.

KEYWORDS:
Atrophy; Cervical cord; Magnetic resonance imaging; Multiple sclerosis

Parameters (axial area)	Groups				Test statistics
	Patients		HC		Test statistics
	$\bar{x}$	se	$\bar{x}$	se	t^* * independent two-sample t-test	p	F^ one-way analysis of covariance; se: standard error.	p
C2-3	0.732	0.012	0.925	0.012	13.701	<0.001	4.070	0.046
C3-4	0.720	0.012	0.941	0.012	14.462	<0.001	9.326	0.003
C4-5	0.753	0.013	0.968	0.013	13.193	<0.001	4.798	0.030
C5-6	0.744	0.012	0.943	0.012	13.709	<0.001	1.006	0.318
C6-7	0.697	0.012	0.881	0.012	12.076	<0.001	5.291	0.023

Parameters (axial area)	The whole group				Patients				HC
	M		F		M		F		M		F
	$\bar{x}$	sd	$\bar{x}$	sd	$\bar{x}$	sd	$\bar{x}$	sd	$\bar{x}$	sd	$\bar{x}$	sd
C2-3	0.849	0.113	0.800	0.148	0.766	0.079	0.681	0.089	0.930	0.076	0.921	0.084
C2-3	t=2.145; p=0.034				t=3.783; p<0.001				t=0.433; p=0.666
C3-4	0.854	0.134	0.802	0.140	0.747	0.076	0.691	0.095	0.957	0.089	0.916	0.070
C3-4	t=2.061; p=0.041				t=2.445; p=0.017				t=2.025; p=0.047
C4-5	0.889	0.137	0.825	0.145	0.780	0.072	0.716	0.103	0.994	0.096	0.937	0.082
C4-5	t=2.458; p=0.015				t=2.645; p=0.010				t=2.511; p=0.015
C5-6	0.855	0.128	0.818	0.142	0.754	0.077	0.709	0.100	0.951	0.087	0.930	0.076
C5-6	t=1.458; p=0.147				t=1.882; p=0.065				t=1.016; p=0.314
C6-7	0.808	0.120	0.765	0.133	0.720	0.092	0.668	0.100	0.892	0.075	0.866	0.075
C6-7	t=1.498; p=0.137				t=2.089; p=0.041				t=1.371; p=0.175

Parameters (axial area)	Groups								Test statistics
	PPMS		RRMS		SPMS		HC		Test statistics
	$\bar{x}$	se	$\bar{x}$	se	$\bar{x}$	se	$\bar{x}$	se	F^* * one-way analysis of variance	p	F^ one-way covariance analysis results;	p
C2-3	0.741^a and the superscripts “a” and “b” show differences between groups.	0.022	0.725^a and the superscripts “a” and “b” show differences between groups.	0.016	0.714^a and the superscripts “a” and “b” show differences between groups.	0.035	0.925^b and the superscripts “a” and “b” show differences between groups.	0.012	63.027	<0.001	2.117	0.048
C3-4	0.716^a and the superscripts “a” and “b” show differences between groups.	0.022	0.726^a and the superscripts “a” and “b” show differences between groups.	0.016	0.703^a and the superscripts “a” and “b” show differences between groups.	0.035	0.941^b and the superscripts “a” and “b” show differences between groups.	0.012	68.619	<0.001	3.455	0.019
C4-5	0.743^a and the superscripts “a” and “b” show differences between groups.	0.024	0.751^a and the superscripts “a” and “b” show differences between groups.	0.017	0.742^a and the superscripts “a” and “b” show differences between groups.	0.037	0.968^b and the superscripts “a” and “b” show differences between groups.	0.013	57.489	<0.001	2.077	0.043
C5-6	0.736	0.022	0.756	0.016	0.703	0.035	0.943	0.012	61.899	<0.001	1.163	0.327
C6-7	0.701^a and the superscripts “a” and “b” show differences between groups.	0.022	0.704^a and the superscripts “a” and “b” show differences between groups.	0.016	0.621^a and the superscripts “a” and “b” show differences between groups.	0.034	0.881^b and the superscripts “a” and “b” show differences between groups.	0.012	47.903	<0.001	3.100	0.003

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[1] *Corresponding author: nihal.g.celik@gmail.com