The effect of perceived social support levels on coping methods for urinary incontinence in elderly men

Kocak, Zehra; Bayir, Berna; Goksoy, Ibrahim; Taskapu, Hakan Hakki

doi:10.1590/1806-9282.20221395

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Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira

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Original Article • Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. 69 (3) • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.20221395 copy

The effect of perceived social support levels on coping methods for urinary incontinence in elderly men

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

SUMMARY

OBJECTIVE:

This study aimed to determine the effect of the perceived social support level on coping methods for urinary incontinence among men aged 65 years and over with urinary incontinence.

METHODS:

A total of 92 male patients over the age of 65 years with urinary incontinence and adequate cognitive levels were included in the study. The coping methods, the environmental support, and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support were used to collect data.

RESULTS:

The most common method of coping was changing clothes (64 [69.6%]). The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support total mean score was 55.83±14.8, which was considered above the medium-level support. The perception level of social support caused significant differences in coping methods in individuals with urinary incontinence.

CONCLUSION:

The view that urinary incontinence is a problem related to aging is regarded as an obstacle to seeking healthcare. Society should be made aware that urinary incontinence is not a normal condition related to aging and that it is not an insoluble problem that the elderly must endure.

KEYWORDS:
Social support; Men; Urinary incontinence

Features	Groups	n	%
Marital status	Single	32	34.8
Marital status	Married	60	65.2
Working status	No	80	87
Working status	Yes	12	13
Income level status	Income less than expenses	21	22.8
	Income equals expense	49	53.3
	Income more than expenses	22	23.9
Living place	City	46	50
	Districts	25	27.2
	Village	21	22.8
Health insurance	No	11	12
Health insurance	Yes	81	88
Family type	Elementary family	72	78.3
Family type	Extended family	20	21.7
Live with at home	Alone	25	27.2
	Spouse	44	48.8
	Spouse and child	23	25
The status of UI causing problems in daily life	Sometimes	53	57.6
	Most of the time	32	34.8
	Always	7	7.6
Frequency of UI	Once a day	10	10.9
	Several times a day	19	20.7
	Once a week or less	26	28.3
	Two/three times a week	29	31.5
	Always	8	8.7
Reasons for UI	Aging	54	58.7
	Prostate hypertrophy	26	28.3
	Unknowing	7	7.6
	Aging and prostate hypertrophy	5	5.4

Coping methods		Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (Mean±SD)
Coping methods		Family support	Friend support	Special person support	Total support
Trying to drink less fluids	Yes	22.1±4.8	14.4±5.8	18±5.3	54.7±10.7
Trying to drink less fluids	No	19.5±6.9	18.5±5.9	18.8±6.7	56.9±18
	t/p^* * Independent sample t-test. Bold values indicate statistical significance.	-2.085/0.04	3.325/0.001	0.601/0.55	0.723/0.47
Going to the toilet more often	Yes	20.5±6.7	15.8±7	18.3±6.8	54.7±17.2
Going to the toilet more often	No	21.2±5.4	17±5.2	16.6±5.2	56.9±12
	t/p^* * Independent sample t-test. Bold values indicate statistical significance.	0.544/0.58	0.939/0.35	0.257/0.79	0.723/0.47
Using pad/cloth/napkin	Yes	22.5±4.6	17±7.2	19.8±5.2	59.4±12.4
Using pad/cloth/napkin	No	20.3±6.4	16.3±5.8	18±6.2	54.6±15.4
	t/p^* * Independent sample t-test. Bold values indicate statistical significance.	-1.798/0.07	-0.463/0.6	-1.287/0.2	-1.352/0.18
Frequent laundry changes	Yes	20±6.6	15.5±6.1	17.4±5.9	53±15.1
Frequent laundry changes	No	22.8±4	18.5±5.9	20.8±5.8	62.3±11.9
	t/p^* * Independent sample t-test. Bold values indicate statistical significance.	2.543/0.013	2.182/0.032	2.581/0.011	2.888/0.005
Keep feet warm	Yes	21.5±6.1	16.4±5.4	17.8±6.1	55.8±13.4
Keep feet warm	No	20.4±6.1	16.5±6.7	18.8±6	55.8±15.7
	t/p^* * Independent sample t-test. Bold values indicate statistical significance.	-0.835/0.4	0.058/0.95	0.746/0.45	-0.015/0.98
Medication	Yes	21.2±6.2	17.1±6.3	19.4±6.1	57.8±16
Medication	No	20.55±6	15.7±6	17.5±5.8	53.8±13.3
	t/p^* * Independent sample t-test. Bold values indicate statistical significance.	-0.510/0.61	-1.109/0.27	-1.509/0.13	-1.293/0.19
Visit the doctor	Yes	21.2±5.9	17.2±6.1	19.3±6.1	57.9±15.5
Visit the doctor	No	20.2±6.3	15.1±6.1	16.9±5.6	52.2±12.8
	t/p^* * Independent sample t-test. Bold values indicate statistical significance.	-0.822/0.46	-1.623/0.11	-1.877/0.027	-1.793/0.029

Subdimension scores	Marital status
Subdimension scores	Married (n=60) Mean±SD	Single (n=32) Mean±SD	p-value*
Family support	23±5.19	16.9±5.78	<0.001
Friend support	17.16±6.54	15.18±5.38	0.097
Special person support	19.65±6.53	16.25±6.54	0.004
Total	69.81±14.94	48.37±11.42	<0.001
Subdimension scores	Family type
Subdimension scores	Elementary (n=72) Mean±SD	Extended (n=20) Mean±SD	p-value*
Family support	20.2±6.3	23.2±4.5	0.056
Friend support	16.3±6.4	16.8±5.3	0.76
Special person support	18±6.2	20±5.3	0.2
Total	54.6±15.4	60±11.3	0.15
Subdimension scores	Comorbidity status
Subdimension scores	No (n=24) Mean±SD	Yes (n=68) Mean±SD	p-value*
Family support	21.5±5.6	20.6±6.2	0.57
Friend support	19±6.8	15.5±5.7	0.02
Special person support	19.2±7.1	18.1±5.6	0.44
Total	59.7±16.2	54.4±14.1	0.12
Subdimension scores	Working status
Subdimension scores	No (n=80) Mean±SD	Yes (n=12) Mean±SD	p-value*
Family support	20.9±5.9	20.8±7.6	0.97
Friend support	16.1±6.1	18.7±6.4	0.17
Special person support	18.1±5.9	20.4±6.3	0.23
Total	55.2±14	60±19.5	0.29

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[1] *Corresponding author: zzzehrakocak@hotmail.com