Investigation of symptom management and functional state of women who underwent breast cancer surgery

Mollaoğlu, Murat Can; Akın, Esra Başer; Mollaoğlu, Mukadder; Karadayı, Kürşat

doi:10.1590/1806-9282.20230954

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Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira

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Original Article • Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. 70 (1) • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.20230954 copy

Investigation of symptom management and functional state of women who underwent breast cancer surgery

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

SUMMARY

OBJECTIVE:

The aim of this study was to investigate the symptom management and the functional status of women who underwent surgery for breast cancer.

METHODS:

This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in a university hospital surgical oncology clinic. This study was conducted on 80 patients who had undergone breast cancer surgery in the last 5 years in a surgical oncology clinic of a university hospital. Study data were collected using the patient identification form, Symptom-Management Self-Efficacy Scale Related to Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer, and Functional Living Index-Cancer. The data were analyzed with the SPSS program.

RESULTS:

The mean total score of Symptom-Management Self-Efficacy Scale Related to Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer was found to be 157.28±36.86, and the mean total score of the Functional Living Index-Cancer was found to be 103.79±18.77. When the correlation between the Functional Living Index-Cancer and Symptom-Management Self-Efficacy Scale Related to Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer scales used in the study was examined, it was determined that there was a positive statistically significant correlation (p<0.05) between the subscale and scale total scores.

CONCLUSION:

As a result of the study, it was determined that the self-efficacy and functional status of the patients were poor. Their functional status was also determined to be improved as the symptom self-efficacy levels increased.

KEYWORDS:
Breast cancer; Disease management; Functional status; Symptom cluster; Health status; Mastectomy

Characteristics		n (%)	Problem-solving skills	Managing symptoms	Managing emotional interpersonal problems	Total
Characteristics		n (%)	X±S.D	X±S.D	X±S.D	X±S.D
Age (years)	20–45	10 (12.5%)	48.30±10.83	92.60±21.66	27.80±6.25	168.70±31.93
	45–65	53 (66.2%)	41.69±13.29	95.20±21.55	24.32±7.40	161.23±38.29
	65 and above	17 (21.2%)	31.17±10.87	83.29±17.49	23.76±5.19	138.24±29.17
	Statistical test		KW=12.68; p=0.002	KW=5.03; p=0.081	KW=2.39; p=0.303	KW=6.24; p=0.044
Marital status	Married	51 (63.8%)	42.96±12.40	96.11±21.97	26.17±6.79	165.25±36.83
	Single	29 (36.2%)	35.58±14.13	85.72±17.90	21.93±6.31	143.24±33.05
	Statistical test		t=2.42; p=0.017	t=-2.16; p=0.033	t=2.75; p=.007	t=2.66; p=0.009
Education	Illiterate	22 (27.5%)	28.09±9.07	78.36±17.80	21.72±5.36	128.18±24.82
	Primary school	42 (52.5%)	44.30±11.25	98.97±19.09	25.85±7.64	169.14±34.94
	High school	9 (11.2%)	42.44±13.38	89.88±24.78	24.11±6.43	156.44±37.33
	University	7 (8.8%)	51.71±13.07	99.71±18.35	27.14±4.59	178.57±30.26
	Statistical test		KW=27.70; p=0.001	KW=15.54; p=0.001	KW=6.42; p=0.093	KW: 21.71; p=0.001
Cancer stage	Stage 1	27 (33.8%)	43.62±11.64	97.03±13.74	27.11±7.04	167.78±28.35
	Stage 2	29 (36.2%)	40.20±13.88	91.72±26.17	23.96±6.63	155.90±43.71
	Stage 3	24 (30%)	36.62±14.35	87.83±20.78	22.66±6.45	147.12±34.54
	Statistical test		KW=3.16; p=0.206	KW=3.13; p=0.206	KW=3.84; p=0.147	KW=5.11; p=0.078
Type of surgery	Breast-conserving surgery	26 (32.5%)	43.69±12.21	96.19±13.90	27.11±6.91	167.00±29.45
	Mastectomy	54 (67.5%)	38.64±13.81	90.50±23.67	23.44±6.62	152.59±39.34
	Statistical test		U=560.50; p=0.146	U=576.50; p=0.197	U=531.50; p=0.79	U=511.00; p=0.050

Characteristics		Physical functions	Psychological functions	General well-being	Social functions	Gastrointestinal symptoms	Total
Characteristics		X±S.D	X±S.D	X±S.D	X±S.D	X±S.D	X±S.D
Age (years)	20–45	45.60±6.44	32.30±3.12	15.30±3.74	11.70±1.94	10.50±2.54	115.40±13.19
	45–65	39.01±10.42	29.52±5.46	13.83±4.14	10.62±2.60	10.90±2.29	103.91±19.76
	65 and above	34.47±8.66	29.23±4.71	12.70±3.63	10.88±2.11	9.29±3.01	96.58±15.25
	Statistical test	KW=8.05; p=0.018	KW=2.24; p=0.326	KW=3.59; p=0.166	KW=1.70; p=0.427	KW=3.77; p=0.152	KW=7.36; p=0.025
Marital status	Married	40.09±9.34	30.62±4.66	13.92±3.92	11.05±2.07	10.49±2.62	106.20±16.12
	Single	36.72±11.07	28.37±5.61	13.51±4.21	10.37±2.95	10.55±2.44	99.55±22.37
	Statistical test	t=−1.45; p=0.151	t=1.92; p=0.058	t=0.431 p=.668	t=1.20; p=0.232	t=−0.103; p=.918	t=1.53; p=0.129
Education	Illiterate	32.31±8.49	27.63±4.86	12.31±3.25	10.13±1.90	10.27±2.83	92.68±15.39
	Primary school	40.90±9.90	30.52±5.26	14.26±4.20	10.90±2.70	10.45±2.58	107.05±19.22
	High school	39.66±7.03	30.22±4.81	12.66±4.09	10.11±1.96	10.88±2.26	103.56±14.24
	University	46.28±9.69	31.85±3.89	16.85±3.07	13.28±0.75	11.14±1.95	119.43±14.22
	Statistical test	KW=14.65; p=0.002	KW=5.81; p=0.121	KW=8.98; p=0.029	KW=15.63; p=0.001	KW=0.573; p=0.903	KW: 15.86; p=0.001
Cancer stage	Stage 1	42.00±8.52	31.44±4.22	14.74±3.51	11.40±1.86	10.40±2.34	110.00±13.77±13.77
	Stage 2	38.79±10.43	29.27±5.07	14.34±3.68	10.86±2.50	10.44±3.00	103.72±20.11
	Stage 3	35.45±10.47	28.62±5.76	12.00±4.47	10.08±2.79	10.70±2.35	96.87±20.19
	Statistical test	KW=5.67; p=0.059	KW=4.03; p=0.133	KW=5.60; p=0.061	KW=23.25; p=0.197	KW=0.204; p=0.903	KW=6.89; p=0.032
Type of surgery	Breast-conserving surgery	42.88±8.00	31.26±4.40	14.84±3.39	11.46±1.74	10.61±2.24	118.08±13.44
	Mastectomy	36.94±10.44	29.11±5.31	13.25±4.21	10.50±2.66	10.46±2.69	100.28±20.03
	Statistical test	U=460.50; p=0.013	U=539.00; p=0.093	U=555.00; p=0.130	U=562.50; p=0.147	U=695.0; p=0.942	U=441.50; p=0.007

FLIC/SMSES-BC		Physical functions	Psychological functions	General well-being	Social functions	Gastrointestinal symptoms	Total
Problem-solving skills	r	0.685^ p<0.05.	0.447^ p<0.05.	0.642^ p<0.05.	0.323^ p<0.05.	0.205	0.685^ p<0.05.
Problem-solving skills	p	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.003	0.068	0.001
Managing symptoms	r	0.612^ p<0.05.	0.384^ p<0.05.	0.536^ p<0.05.	0.371^ p<0.05.	0.222^* * p<0.01	0.626^ p<0.05.
Managing symptoms	p	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.048	0.001
Managing emotional interpersonal problems	r	0.613^ p<0.05.	0.446^ p<0.05.	0.560^ p<0.05.	0.143	0.143	0.608^ p<0.05.
Managing emotional interpersonal problems	p	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.206	0.204	0.000
Total	r	0.708^ p<0.05.	0.466^ p<0.05.	0.645^ p<0.05.	0.357^ p<0.05.	0.228^* * p<0.01	0.722^ p<0.05.
Total	p	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.042	0.000

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[1] *Corresponding author: mollaoglumukadder@gmail.com