COMPARISON BETWEEN TEST METHODS TO DETERMINE WOOD EMBEDMENT STRENGTH PARALLEL TO THE GRAIN

Almeida, Diego Henrique de; Dias, Antonio Alves

doi:10.1590/0100-67622016000400018

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Articles • Rev. Árvore 40 (4) • Jul-Aug 2016 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-67622016000400018 copy

COMPARISON BETWEEN TEST METHODS TO DETERMINE WOOD EMBEDMENT STRENGTH PARALLEL TO THE GRAIN

COMPARAÇÃO DE MÉTODOS DE ENSAIO PARA DETERMINAÇÃO DA RESISTÊNCIA DA MADEIRA AO EMBUTIMENTO NA DIREÇÃO PARALELA ÀS FIBRAS

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

This study compares the test methods according to the ABNT NBR 7190:1997ASSOCIAÇÃO BRASILEIRA DE NORMAS TÉCNICAS - ABNT. NBR 7190: Projeto de estruturas de madeira. Rio de Janeiro: 1997., EN 383:2007EUROPEAN COMMITEE FOR STANDARDZATION. EN 383: Timber structures. Test methods. Determination of embedding strength and foundation values for dowel type fasteners. Brussels: 2007., ASTM D5764:2007AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS - ASTM D5764: Evaluating dowel-bearing strength of wood and wood-based products. West Conshohocken: 2007., EUROCODE 5:2004EUROPEAN COMMITEE FOR STANDARDIZATION. EUROCODE 5: Design of timber structures - Parte 1 - 1: general rules and rules for buildings. Brussels: CEN, 2004., NDS:2001AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD FOR WOOD PRODUCTS/AMERICAN FOREST AND PAPER ASSOCIATION. NDS: American national design and specification for wood construction. Washington: ANSI/AF&PA, 2001. standards in order to provide support to establish a new test method for determining the embedment strength of wood parallel to the grain. Parallel-to-grain tests were carried out for six wood species (Schizolobium amazonicum; Pinus elliottii; Pinus oocarpa; Hymenaea spp.; Lyptus(r): hybrid Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus urophylla, and Goupia glabra) using four diameters (8 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm and 16 mm) for the metal pin fasteners (bolts). The experimental results obtained according to the EN 383:2007EUROPEAN COMMITEE FOR STANDARDZATION. EN 383: Timber structures. Test methods. Determination of embedding strength and foundation values for dowel type fasteners. Brussels: 2007. standard were closer to the specific values for the metal-dowel connections design used by ABNT NBR 7190:1997ASSOCIAÇÃO BRASILEIRA DE NORMAS TÉCNICAS - ABNT. NBR 7190: Projeto de estruturas de madeira. Rio de Janeiro: 1997., which are considered equal compression parallel to the grain. The use of maximum embedment force or the force causing displacement of 5 mm between the bolt and the test-piece as criteria for determining embedment strength for EN 383:2007EUROPEAN COMMITEE FOR STANDARDZATION. EN 383: Timber structures. Test methods. Determination of embedding strength and foundation values for dowel type fasteners. Brussels: 2007. appears to be more appropriate than the criteria used by the Brazilian and American Standards.

Keywords:
Connections; Bolts; Timber structures

Table 1 Embedment strength parallel to the grain (fe0), in MPa.

Codes	d (mm)	Schizolob ium amazonicum	Pinus elliottii	Pinus oocarpa	Hymenaea spp	Lyptus®	Goupia glabra
ABNT NBR 7190:1997ASSOCIAÇÃO BRASILEIRA DE NORMAS TÉCNICAS - ABNT. NBR 7190: Projeto de estruturas de madeira. Rio de Janeiro: 1997.	8	10.0	22.1	16.5	71.9	32.4	24.4
	10	14.4	21.4	13.2	54.3	39.9	33.9
	12	17.8	33.1	27.1	53.3	44.3	35.9
	16	14.7	30.0	25.6	59.5	47.9	38.0
EN 383:2007EUROPEAN COMMITEE FOR STANDARDZATION. EN 383: Timber structures. Test methods. Determination of embedding strength and foundation values for dowel type fasteners. Brussels: 2007.	8	32.0	32.5	33.0	100.4	40.1	38.9
	10	22.9	31.7	36.6	112,9	56.9	55.2
	12	25.5	49.2	37.4	110.2	57.2	50.7
	16	26.3	50.2	42.2	100.7	56.2	51.8
ASTM D5764:2007AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS - ASTM D5764: Evaluating dowel-bearing strength of wood and wood-based products. West Conshohocken: 2007.	8	14. 6	22.7	18.4	43.0	38.3	31.7
	10	22.0	26.0	22.3	71.2	48.0	46. 1
	12	24.9	43.9	34.8	65.8	51.7	37.5
	16	25.5	44.2	37.2	74.2	52.8	40. 0

Table 2 Calculating wood embedment strength parallel to the grain (fe0), in MPa.

Standards	Species	Schizolobium amazonicum	Pinus elliottii	Pinus oocarpa	Hymenaea spp.	Lyptus®	Goupia glabra
	f_c0(MPa)	22.9	33.6	38.4	89.6	53.6	44.5
	p (kg/m³)	320	480	540	970	550	890
ABNT NBR 7190:1997ASSOCIAÇÃO BRASILEIRA DE NORMAS TÉCNICAS - ABNT. NBR 7190: Projeto de estruturas de madeira. Rio de Janeiro: 1997.	d = 8 mm	22.9	33.6	38.4	89.6	53.6	44.6
	d = 10 mm	22.9	33.6	38.4	89.6	53.6	44.6
	d = 12 mm	22.9	33.6	38.4	89.6	53.6	44.6
	d = 16 mm	22.9	33.6	38.4	89.6	53.6	44.6
EN 383:2007EUROPEAN COMMITEE FOR STANDARDZATION. EN 383: Timber structures. Test methods. Determination of embedding strength and foundation values for dowel type fasteners. Brussels: 2007.	d = 8 mm	24.1	36.2	40.7	73.2	41. 5	67.1
	d = 10 mm	23.6	35.4	39.9	71.6	40. 6	65.7
	d = 12 mm	23.1	34.6	39.0	70.0	39.7	64.2
	d = 16 mm	22.0	33.1	37.2	66.8	37.9	61.3
ASTM D5764:2007AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS - ASTM D5764: Evaluating dowel-bearing strength of wood and wood-based products. West Conshohocken: 2007.	d = 8 mm	24.7	37.1	41.7	74.9	42.5	68.8
	d = 10 mm	24.7	37.1	41. 7	74.9	42. 5	68.8
	d = 12 mm	24.7	37.1	41.7	74.9	42. 5	68.8
	d = 16 mm	24.7	37.1	41.7	74.9	42. 5	68.8

Table 3 Mechanical properties and density.

Species	f_c0 (MPa)	E_c0 (MPa)	f_v0 (MPa)	ρ_ap (kg/m³)
Schizolobium amazonicum	22.9	8210	9.9	320
Pinus elliottii var.elliottii	33.6	9312	18.0	480
Pinus oocarpa	38.4	12972	11.0	540
Hymenaea spp	89.6	23775	19.4	970
Lyptus®	53.6	22559	12. 0	550
Goupia glabra	445	11114	14.5	890

Sociedade de Investigações Florestais Universidade Federal de Viçosa, CEP: 36570-900 - Viçosa - Minas Gerais - Brazil, Tel: (55 31) 3612-3959 - Viçosa - MG - Brazil
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