ECOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL CLUSTERING OF FORESTAL SPECIES IN THE SOUTH WESTERN AMAZONIA

Vasconcelos Neto, Elias Lourenço; Azevedo, Celso; Ribas, Luciano; d'Oliveira, Marcus Neves

doi:10.1590/0100-67622016000600014

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Articles • Rev. Árvore 40 (6) • Nov-Dec 2016 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-67622016000600014 copy

ECOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL CLUSTERING OF FORESTAL SPECIES IN THE SOUTH WESTERN AMAZONIA

AGRUPAMENTO ECOLÓGICO E FUNCIONAL DE ESPÉCIES FLORESTAIS NA AMAZÔNIA SUL OCIDENTAL

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to perform ecological and functional clustering of tree species in southwestern Amazon. Developed from data from 95 permanent plots of 1 ha each, all individuals with diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥10 cm were measured. The species grouping was performed in three stages: (1) cluster analysis, using the variables: diameter annual periodic increment -(IPA_DAP) considering three competition levels (high, medium and low) and the 95th percentile of the diameters (P₉₅) cumulative frequency distribution (Ward hierarchical method); (2) Discriminant analysis, using the variables P₉₅ and IPA_DAP by Fisher's method and (3) subjective stage, considering the species ecological characteristics. The Ward and Fisher methods used for discriminant and cluster analyses were effective for species grouping resulting on the formation of 10 groups. Variables: IPA_DAP and and P₉₅ were efficient on the formed groups discrimination.. Variations in the growth rates for the overall mean data were reduced wen calculated for each group of species.

Keywords:
Forest dynamics; Permanent plots; Forest Management

Table 1 Population level by species in the study area.

N. of Species	Minimum n. of Trees (N)	N. of Trees	N. Accumulated Trees (%)
112	100	30403	79.17
166	50	34242	89.17
243	20	36719	95.62
604	1	38401	100

Table 2 Description of the ten groups resulting from the clustering process.

Characteristic/Group	Dominant Species	Nt	Nt (%)	Ns	P95	IPA	sIPA
Slow growth, Lower canopy	Pouteria sp, Carapa guianensis Aubl.	15072	39.2	149	34,8	0.251	0.005
Moderate Growth Superior canopy	Peltogyne sp, Hevea brasiliensis Muell Arg	6714	17.5	73	63	0,359	0.010
Slow growth, Medium canopy	Aspidosperma vargasii A.DC., Tabebuia serratifolia (Vahl.) Nich.	4648	12.1	83	45.5	0,202	0.008
Moderate Growth Pioneers	Pourouma sp, Inga thibaudiana DC, Cecropia leucocoma Miq	5092	13.3	56	44	0.426	0.010
Very slow growth Lower Canopy	Pausandra trianae (Müll. Arg.), Iryanthera paradoxa (Schwacke) Warb	2230	5.8	42	32.9	0.132	0.010
Fast growth Medium Canopy	Sclerolobium paniculatum Vogel, Tachigali paniculata Aubl	1232	3.2	32	48.7	0.592	0.027
Emerging–Climax	Bertholletia excels Bonpl, Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaerth, Dipteryx odorata (Aubl.) Willd	1256	3.3	50	107.5	0.454	0.037
Fast GrowthPioneers	Cecropia palmata Willd, bicolor Pourouma Mart	1319	3.4	52	57,6	0.975	0.043
Fast Growth, Superior Canopy	Piptadenia suaveolens Miq, Swartzia platygyne (Benth.) Ducke, Parkia pendula (Willd.)	371	1.0	24	91.6	0.661	0.079
Late Secondary	Tachigali multijuga Benth, Hymenaea courbaril L.	467	1.2	43	73.8	0.745	0.055

Table 3 F values and probability of hypothesis test at 5 % significance level.

Group	IPA	s²IPA	F	p
1	0.25	0.00002	3006.98	0.00
2	0.36	0.00010	711.74	0.00
3	0.20	0.00006	1230.28	0.00
4	0.43	0.00011	659.77	0.00
5	0.13	0.00009	790.03	0.00
6	0.59	0.00072	99.65	0.00
7	0.45	0.00137	52.50	0.00
8	0.98	0.00184	39.02	0.00
9	0.66	0.00630	11.43	0.00
10	0.75	0.00304	23.69	0.00
General	0.3600	0.07196

Sociedade de Investigações Florestais Universidade Federal de Viçosa, CEP: 36570-900 - Viçosa - Minas Gerais - Brazil, Tel: (55 31) 3612-3959 - Viçosa - MG - Brazil
E-mail: rarvore@sif.org.br

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