SURFACE RUNOFF IN TWO REHABILITATION PERIODS OF A BAUXITE MINE

Spletozer, Aline Gonçalves; Silveira, Lucas Jesus da; Lorenzon, Alexandre Simões; Sato, Aurora Yoshiko; Dias, Herly Carlos Teixeira

doi:10.1590/1806-908820210000005

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Scientific Article • Rev. Árvore 45 • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-908820210000005 copy

SURFACE RUNOFF IN TWO REHABILITATION PERIODS OF A BAUXITE MINE

ESCOAMENTO SUPERFICIAL EM DOIS PERÍODOS DE REABILITAÇÃO DE UMA MINA DE BAUXITA

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to monitor and compare runoff at 2.5 and 3.5 years of rehabilitation of a mined bauxite area with clonal planting of Eucalyptus. Seven plots were allocated for collecting runoff and precipitation was recorded with a pluviograph. The physical and environmental factors which interfere with runoff were characterized in both periods and subjected to principal component analysis (PCA) to show the most explanatory factors. The average monthly runoff percentage at 2.5 years was 0.25% (± 0.26%) of precipitation and equal (p-value<0.05) to the 3.5 years (0.15 ± 0.22%) of rehabilitation. Both values were lower than the Eucalyptus plantation area without mining (0.56%) in the same region and declivity. The high vegetation cover percentage by Eucalyptus crowns and Brachiaria sp. and the high infiltration rates were the determining factors in PCA, and may explain the statistically equal runoff values between the rehabilitation periods. The combination of good edaphic conditions and the fast coverage of the plants resulted in runoff below 1% in a rehabilitated area after bauxite mining.

Keywords:
Mining; Infiltration; Vegetal cover

Table 1 Vegetable cover area (VCA), diameter at breast height (DBH) and basal area (BA) of trees stem, average saturated mass (Mg ha-1) and average dry mass (Mg ha-1) of accumulated litter and litter water retention capacity (LWRC) (kg kg-1), initial infiltration rate (IIR), stable infiltration rate (SIR), infiltration capacity (IC) and physical soil properties

Variable		Unit	2.5 years	3.5 years
Vegetable cover	DBH	cm	10.94 ± 1.6	12.08 ± 1.99
	BA	(m² ha^-1)	15.95 ± 1.19	19.54 ± 1.98
	VCA	(m² ha^-1)	7.367.2 ± 178.05	10.060.69 ± 392.68
Litter	Saturated mass	(Mg ha^-1)	23.46 ± 2.90 a	49.43 ± 7.16 b
	Dried mass	(Mg ha^-1)	8.07 ± 0.85 a	14.53 ± 1.79 b
	LWRC	(kg kg^-1)	1.91 ± 0.11 a	2.39 ± 0.13 b
Infiltration	IIR		184 ± 59.75 a	198 ± 52.38 a
	SIR	cm h^-1	105.06 ± 11.97 a	109.40 ± 40.20 a
	IC		124.42 ± 22.68 a	88.75 ± 47.04 a
Physical soil	Coarse sand	dag kg^-1	13.67 ± 0.47 a	17.45 ± 1.70 b
	Thin sand		10.67 ± 0.47 a	14.15 ± 0.79 b
	Silt		14.33 ± 0.94 a	8.53 ± 3.34 a
	Clay		61.33 ± 0.47 a	61.27 ± 2.31 a
	Overall density	kg dm^-3	1.24 ± 0.06 a	1.19 ± 0.10 a
	Particle density		2.55 ± 0.12 a	2.57 ± 0.05 a
	Macroporosity	dm³dm^-3	0.36 ± 0.05 a	0.23 ± 0.01 b
	Microporosity		0.28 ± 0.04 a	0.34 ± 0.02 a
	Total porosity		0.52 ± 0.02 a	0.54 ± 0.04 a

Sociedade de Investigações Florestais Universidade Federal de Viçosa, CEP: 36570-900 - Viçosa - Minas Gerais - Brazil, Tel: (55 31) 3612-3959 - Viçosa - MG - Brazil
E-mail: rarvore@sif.org.br

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