Transcriptome Analysis of Chicken Embryo Fibroblast Cell Infected with Marek’s Disease Virus of GX0101 ∆ LTR

Marek’s disease (MD), a lymphoproliferative disorder of chickens caused by the MD virus (MDV), is economically significant. The resistance/susceptibility to MD is controlled by host genetics. The host response to different virus strains varies. The pathogenicity of REV-LTR deleted GX0101∆LTR MDV has been previously reported. However, the precise molecular mechanism of the response of chickens to GX0101ΔLTR remains unclear. The current study aimed at identifying the genes and pathways involved in the response to GX0101ΔLTR virus infection in specific pathogen-free chicken embryo fibroblast cells using global transcriptome analysis. A total of 1,633 genes associated with GX0101ΔLTR infection were identified. Functional analysis showed that the cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction plays an important role in the response to GX0101ΔLTR infection.

Keywords:
Gene profiling; chicken; CEF cell; GX0101ΔLTR MDV.

Authorship

X Li

College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China.Shandong Agricultural UniversityChinaTaian, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China.

S Su

N Cui

H Zhou

Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.University of CaliforniaUSADavis, CA, USADepartment of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.

X Liu

Z Cui

Corresponding author e-mail address Zhizhong Cui College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China. Tel: +865388242478 Email:zzcui@sdau.edu.cn

COMPETING INTERESTS The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.University of CaliforniaUSADavis, CA, USADepartment of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.

Figures | Tables

Figures (2)
Tables (3)

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Figure 1
GO BP annotation associated with down-regulated genes.

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Figure 2
GO term classification count using the Categorizer. The GO terms were classified based on the Immune_class classification method in Categorizer tool.

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Table 1
GO BP annotation for up-regulated genes

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Table 2
KEGG pathway annotation for up-regulated genes

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Table 3
Comparison of gene expression levels (fold change) between microarray and qRT-PCR results

Figure 1 GO BP annotation associated with down-regulated genes.

Figure 2 GO term classification count using the Categorizer. The GO terms were classified based on the Immune_class classification method in Categorizer tool.

Table 1 GO BP annotation for up-regulated genes

Terms	Fold enrichment
GO:0051058~negative regulation of small GTPase-mediated signal transduction	43.92
GO:0046580~negative regulation of Ras protein signal transduction	43.92
GO:0045628~regulation of T-helper 2 cell differentiation	43.92
GO:0001937~negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation	32.94
GO:0001936~regulation of endothelial cell proliferation	18.82
GO:0045766~positive regulation of angiogenesis	17.57
GO:0045428~regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process	14.64
GO:0046637~regulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation	13.18
GO:0030193~regulation of blood coagulation	13.18
GO:0006584~catecholamine metabolic process	11.98
GO:0045765~regulation of angiogenesis	10.98
GO:0002237~response to molecule of bacterial origin	10.46
GO:0032496~response to lipopolysaccharide	10.34
GO:0050920~regulation of chemotaxis	10.14
GO:0050818~regulation of coagulation	10.14
GO:0045580~regulation of T cell differentiation	9.76
GO:0050795~regulation of behavior	9.41
GO:0010810~regulation of cell-substrate adhesion	8.78
GO:0002819~regulation of adaptive immune response	8.78
GO:0000187~activation of MAPK activity	8.78
GO:0045619~regulation of lymphocyte differentiation	8.37
GO:0046634~regulation of alpha-beta T cell activation	8.24
GO:0006954~inflammatory response	8.24
GO:0002250~adaptive immune response	8.24
GO:0032103~positive regulation of response to external stimulus	7.99
GO:0019216~regulation of lipid metabolic process	7.64
GO:0051272~positive regulation of cell motion	7.08
GO:0032101~regulation of response to external stimulus	6.76
GO:0006955~immune response	6.73
GO:0002696~positive regulation of leukocyte activation	6.59
GO:0030335~positive regulation of cell migration	6.51
GO:0002684~positive regulation of immune system process	6.48
GO:0050867~positive regulation of cell activation	6.27
GO:0043405~regulation of MAP kinase activity	6.06
GO:0009617~response to bacterium	5.99
GO:0006935~chemotaxis	5.86
GO:0009968~negative regulation of signal transduction	5.80
GO:0051251~positive regulation of lymphocyte activation	5.78
GO:0051051~negative regulation of transport	5.67
GO:0010648~negative regulation of cell communication	5.49
GO:0002694~regulation of leukocyte activation	5.49
GO:0007243~protein kinase cascade	5.42
GO:0048584~positive regulation of response to stimulus	5.32
GO:0050863~regulation of T cell activation	5.23
GO:0009611~response to wounding	5.23
GO:0050865~regulation of cell activation	5.07
GO:0051249~regulation of lymphocyte activation	4.88
GO:0050870~positive regulation of T cell activation	4.88
GO:0000165~MAPKKK cascade	4.88
GO:0001817~regulation of cytokine production	4.48
GO:0042060~wound healing	4.39
GO:0006952~defense response	4.39
GO:0040012~regulation of locomotion	4.32
GO:0051347~positive regulation of transferase activity	4.25
GO:0043549~regulation of kinase activity	4.23
GO:0051270~regulation of cell motion	4.18
GO:0030334~regulation of cell migration	4.14
GO:0051338~regulation of transferase activity	4.13
GO:0043062~extracellular structure organization	3.92
GO:0045859~regulation of protein kinase activity	3.80
GO:0045860~positive regulation of protein kinase activity	3.72
GO:0007626~locomotory behavior	3.51
GO:0043085~positive regulation of catalytic activity	3.28
GO:0042325~regulation of phosphorylation	3.24
GO:0008285~negative regulation of cell proliferation	3.18
GO:0019220~regulation of phosphate metabolic process	3.11
GO:0043068~positive regulation of programmed cell death	3.03
GO:0010942~positive regulation of cell death	2.99
GO:0010033~response to organic substance	2.95
GO:0044093~positive regulation of molecular function	2.88
GO:0042127~regulation of cell proliferation	2.66
GO:0043067~regulation of programmed cell death	2.47
GO:0042981~regulation of apoptosis	2.31

Table 2 KEGG pathway annotation for up-regulated genes

Terms	Genes	Fold enrichment
gga04623: cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway	IL6, IRF7, IL1B, NFKBIA, CCL5, ADAR	9.37
gga04620: Toll-like receptor signaling pathway	IL6, STAT4, MAP2K3, IRF7, IL1B, NFKBIA, CCL5, STAT1	3.89
gga04060: cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction	TNFRSF21, IL6, TGFBR2, TNFSF15, IL15, CCL5, IL17RA, TNFSF10, CNTF, CXCL14, IL4R, LOC777589, IL1B	3.64
gga04510: focal adhesion	ACTB, CAV2, CAV1, TNC, MYLK2, VAV2, FLNB, LOC777184, ACTG1, LOC776858, LOC768344, THBS1, LOC776816, FN1	2.24

Table 3 Comparison of gene expression levels (fold change) between microarray and qRT-PCR results

Accession nos.	Gene symbol	Fold change (I/N)
Accession nos.	Gene symbol	Microarray result	qRT-PCR result
AB088533	MX	253.48**	9.77**
AF139097	IL15	3.07*	1.69*
BX929269	BCL10	1.53**	2.54**
AJ719545	BCL6	1.57*	1.52
AJ309540	IL6	3.39**	8.79**
Y15006	IL1B	1.92*	2.67*
AF222690	MMP9	1.63**	1.41**
L18784	TGFBR2	1.91*	1.63*
U66463	MMP16	-1.59**	-1.85*
D14459	CDH4	-1.67**	-1.82**
AF459439	CDH20	-3.12*	-3.57**
AF055342	CDH11	-2.17**	-2.63**

*represents a significant difference (p<0.05); ** represents a significant different (p<0.01)

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Transcriptome Analysis of Chicken Embryo Fibroblast Cell Infected with Marek’s Disease Virus of GX0101 ∆ LTR

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[1] Corresponding author e-mail address Zhizhong Cui College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China. Tel: +865388242478 Email:zzcui@sdau.edu.cn