OBJECTIVE: The objective of this work was to comparatively evaluate the use of ethanol (E) with glutaraldehyde (GDA) to inhibit the calcification of the porcine pulmonary valvar heterografts (PPVH) implanted in the right ventricle outflow tract of young sheep. METHODS: Ten young sheep were used, divided into two similar groups: the GDA (control) Group and the Ethanol Group (in which the PPVH were pre-treated with ethanol-80). The surgery consisted of implanting the PPVH in the right ventricle outflow tract using a cardiopulmonary bypass. Echocardiography was performed to measure the transvalvar gradient and macroscopic analyses of the PPVH wall and microscopic analysis for calcification were performed. The amount of calcium was measured in the valve cusp at 210 days. RESULTS: The quantity of calcium in the PPVH of the GDA Group was 7.98 ± 6.82µg calcium/mg tissue and of the E Group it was 0.31± 0.33µg calcium/mg tissue. In respect to the maximum transvalvar gradient at 30 days, there was no significant difference between the groups. At 90, 180 and 210 days however, the GDA Group showed a greater transvalvar gradient than the E Group. The macroscopic analyses of the heterograft wall evidenced calcification in both groups but it was more pronounced in the GDA Group. The microscopic analysis of the cusp valve revealed the presence of calcification in all animals of the GDA Group, while in the E Group no calcification was seen. CONCLUSION: In conclusion ethanol-80 inhibits calcification on the cusps during the period of the analysis but does not inhibit the calcification of the PPVH.
Ethanol; Sheep; Calcinosis; Transplantation heterologous; Glutaral
