OBJECTIVE: Although the development of surgical techniques and the discovery of immune-suppressors permitted heart transplantation to be accepted as a widespread treatment for terminally ill patients, rejection, complications due to these drugs and the chronic vasculopathies continue to be majority problems. The search for alternatives to supplant these impediments by performing avascular allogeneic heart transplants from newborn BALB/C mice (24h old) to the subcutaneous tissue of the ears of adult male C57BI/6J and C3H/HEJ mice to evaluate the interference of systemic oral tolerance on the rejection mechanisms are our main goal. METHOD: Adult, male C57BI/6 e C3H/HEJ were divided in two groups. The tolerant group received peanuts ad libitum for one week in the diet while the immune group continued to eat mouse chow. Both groups were immunized sc with 100mg of peanut extract. The transplanted newborn BALB/C hearts were deposited of into the subcutaneous tissue of the ears of tolerant and immune mice in the presence or not of concomitant immunization to peanut protein. RESULTS: We demonstrated that feeding proteins induces systemic tolerance since animals of both strains that ate the seeds before being immunized had lower systemic antibodies than immune animals. Tolerant C3H/HEJ mice with concomitant administration of the tolerogenic antigen presented a more preserved transplanted heart than all other groups. CONCLUSION: Although not homegeneously, the immunoregulatory mecanisms of oral tolerance modified the rejection process of alogenic avascular heart transplant to the ear of adult mice. As these mecanisms are not yet well understood more work needs to be done in this field.
Immune tolerance; Transplantation; Graft rejection; Mice
