Gait stability in young adults under different visual conditions: a pilot study

Estabilidade da marcha de adultos em diferentes condições visuais: estudo piloto

The visual system is fundamental for the control of gait stability. Visual deprivation or impairment can deteriorate walking stability in adults; however, in daily life, adults are exposed to different light intensities rather than visual deprivation. The objective of this study was to investigate gait stability in young adults exposed to different visual conditions. Ten adults without visual problems participated in the study. The subjects walked at two speeds (self-selected and 30% faster) under four visual conditions: normal vision and using three different masks covered with automotive film to reduce the passage of light to the eye (50% > 20% > 5% - lowest light passage). Stability parameters (margin of stability - MOS, center of mass separation - COM_SEP, and time-to-contact - TtC) obtained by analysis of the COM displacement relative to the base of support, and spatiotemporal parameters (step length, gait velocity, and support time) were assessed. The different visual conditions did not affect gait stability or spatiotemporal parameters at the two walking speeds studied. The variations in stability between visual conditions relative to normal vision were not expressive for MOS (< 4%), COM_SEP (< 7%), or TtC (< 6%) at the two walking speeds. This lack of changes in stability may have been due to maintenance of the spatiotemporal characteristics because of the strong association between these characteristics. The adults studied can control stability without changing their gait patterns under different visual conditions, and lower light intensities do not increase the risk of falls

Postural balance; Vision; Walking