O impacto da obesidade na percepção do autoconceito em crianças e adolescentes

Serassuel Junior, Helio; Cavazzotto, Timothy Gustavo; Paludo, Ana Carolina; Zambrin, Lidyane Ferreira; Simões, Antonio Carlos

doi:10.5007/1980-0037.2015v17n2p165

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Brasil

Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano

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Sumário

Original Article • Rev. bras. cineantropom. desempenho hum. 17 (2) • Mar-Apr 2015 • https://doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2015v17n2p165 copiar

O impacto da obesidade na percepção do autoconceito em crianças e adolescentes

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumo

O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar se crianças e/ou adolescentes com excesso de peso apresentam uma percepção negativa do seu autoconceito. Participaram do estudo 785 escolares, 410 meninas (11,44±1,84 anos). A distribuição da amostra nos grupos peso normal, sobrepeso e obesidade foi realizada pelo critério de IMC proposto porCole et al. (2000)Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz HW. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: international survey. BMJ 2006;320(6):1240-45., as características socioeconômicas,ABEP (2010)ABEP - Associação brasileira de empresas de pesquisa. Dados com base no levantamento socioeconômico 2010 - IBOPE, 2010. Available at: <www.abep@abep.org [2013 Jul 10].
www.abep@abep.org... e o autoconceito inventário Piers-Harris 2. Os resultados demonstram que para variável autoconceito total, ambos os grupos estão dentro da média preconizada pelo inventário, porém os menores valores observados para esta variável estão localizados no grupo obeso em ambos os sexos. A partir de previsores específicos, IMC, idade, os meninos obesos apresentaram um efeito significativo de 2,6 vezes mais chances em apresentar desequilíbrio na variável ajuste de comportamento e 3,1 vezes mais chance para a variável livre de ansiedade, significativamente comparados ao grupo com peso normal, independente da idade, NSE e cor da pele. Para as meninas, o grupo obeso apresentou entre 2,0 e 2,7 vezes mais chance de desequilíbrio para as variáveis TOT, Status Intelectual, Popularidade e Felicidade, comparado ao grupo com peso normal, independente do efeito da idade, NSE e cor da pele. Os resultados encontrados demonstram existir impacto negativo na percepção do autoconceito total e suas dimensões, condicionado pelo sobrepeso e obesidade.

Palavras-chave:
Autoimagem; Crianças; Obesidade

Total score (TOT)
Raw scores	Percentile	Interpretation
≤ 29T	≤ 2	Very low
30T - 39T	3 - 14	Low
40T - 44T	15 - 28	Low average
45T - 55T	29 - 71	Average
56T - 59T	72 - 83	Above average
60T - 69T	84 - 97	High
≥ 70T	≥ 98	Very high

		Normal (n=581)		Overweight (n=121)		Obese (n=83)				Significant contrasts
Gender		Mean	σ	Mean	σ	Mean	σ	F	p
Boys	TOT	47.7	0.40	47.9	0.85	44.7	1.04	3.100	0.046	N>O
	BEH	46.4^* * p<0.05 between genders (Sidak multiple comparisons test). σ: standard deviation. Means adjusted for the covariate. TOT: Total Score; BEH: Behavioral Adjustment; iNT: Intellectual and School Status; pHY: Physical Appearance and Personal Attributes; FRE: Freedom From Anxiety; POP: Popularity; HAP: Happiness and Satisfaction. N: normal weight; Ov: overweight; O: obese.	0.43	48.2	0.92	45.9	1.11	1.898	0.151
	INT	47.8	0.46	47.4	0.98	47.0	1.19	0.166	0.847
	PHY	48.2^* * p<0.05 between genders (Sidak multiple comparisons test). σ: standard deviation. Means adjusted for the covariate. TOT: Total Score; BEH: Behavioral Adjustment; iNT: Intellectual and School Status; pHY: Physical Appearance and Personal Attributes; FRE: Freedom From Anxiety; POP: Popularity; HAP: Happiness and Satisfaction. N: normal weight; Ov: overweight; O: obese.	0.49	47.0	1.04	43.2	1.26	7.033	0.001	N>O
	FRE	49.1^* * p<0.05 between genders (Sidak multiple comparisons test). σ: standard deviation. Means adjusted for the covariate. TOT: Total Score; BEH: Behavioral Adjustment; iNT: Intellectual and School Status; pHY: Physical Appearance and Personal Attributes; FRE: Freedom From Anxiety; POP: Popularity; HAP: Happiness and Satisfaction. N: normal weight; Ov: overweight; O: obese.	0.38	48.4	0.81^* * p<0.05 between genders (Sidak multiple comparisons test). σ: standard deviation. Means adjusted for the covariate. TOT: Total Score; BEH: Behavioral Adjustment; iNT: Intellectual and School Status; pHY: Physical Appearance and Personal Attributes; FRE: Freedom From Anxiety; POP: Popularity; HAP: Happiness and Satisfaction. N: normal weight; Ov: overweight; O: obese.	45.5	0.98	4.332	0.013	N>O
	POP	48.8	0.45	48.4	0.95	44.2	1.15	5.504	0.004	N>O
	HAP	48.6	0.41	48.8	0.87	46.1	1.06	1.883	0.153
Girls	TOT	47.4	0.38	46.6	0.87	44.7	1.05	3.196	0.041	N>O
	BEH	50.4^* * p<0.05 between genders (Sidak multiple comparisons test). σ: standard deviation. Means adjusted for the covariate. TOT: Total Score; BEH: Behavioral Adjustment; iNT: Intellectual and School Status; pHY: Physical Appearance and Personal Attributes; FRE: Freedom From Anxiety; POP: Popularity; HAP: Happiness and Satisfaction. N: normal weight; Ov: overweight; O: obese.	0.40	50.7	0.91	48.3	1.10	1.692	0.185
	INT	48.6	0.42	48.8	0.96	47.0	1.16	0.805	0.447
	PHY	46.5^* * p<0.05 between genders (Sidak multiple comparisons test). σ: standard deviation. Means adjusted for the covariate. TOT: Total Score; BEH: Behavioral Adjustment; iNT: Intellectual and School Status; pHY: Physical Appearance and Personal Attributes; FRE: Freedom From Anxiety; POP: Popularity; HAP: Happiness and Satisfaction. N: normal weight; Ov: overweight; O: obese.	0.44	45.5	1.01	42.5	1.22	4.609	0.010	N>O
	FRE	44.6^* * p<0.05 between genders (Sidak multiple comparisons test). σ: standard deviation. Means adjusted for the covariate. TOT: Total Score; BEH: Behavioral Adjustment; iNT: Intellectual and School Status; pHY: Physical Appearance and Personal Attributes; FRE: Freedom From Anxiety; POP: Popularity; HAP: Happiness and Satisfaction. N: normal weight; Ov: overweight; O: obese.	0.38	44.2^* * p<0.05 between genders (Sidak multiple comparisons test). σ: standard deviation. Means adjusted for the covariate. TOT: Total Score; BEH: Behavioral Adjustment; iNT: Intellectual and School Status; pHY: Physical Appearance and Personal Attributes; FRE: Freedom From Anxiety; POP: Popularity; HAP: Happiness and Satisfaction. N: normal weight; Ov: overweight; O: obese.	0.87	43.4	1.05	0.742	0.476
	POP	49.4	0.42	47.3	0.95	46.6	1.15	4.570	0.011	N>O
	HAP	47.7	0.42	48.7	0.97	44.7	1.17	3.917	0.020	N>O;Ov>O

	TOT	BEH	INT	PHY	FRE	POP	HAP
Boys
BMI
Normal	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
Overweight	1.1 (0.6-1.6)	0.9 (0.5-1.3)	0.7 (0.4-1.0)	0.8 (0.4-1.2)	0.8 (0.4-1.2)	0.8 (0.4-1.2)	0.7 (0.4-1.0)
Obese	1.7 (0.8-2.6)	2.6 (1.3-3.9)	1.1 (0.5-1.7)	0.8 (0.4-1.2)	3.1 (1.5-4.7)	1.7 (0.8-2.6)	1.5 (0.7-2.3)
Age (years)
8-9	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
10-12	1.4 (0.7-2.1)	0.5 (0.2-0.9)	0.6 (0.3-0.9)	1.3 (0.7-1.9)	1.5 (0.7-2.3)	0.9 (0.4-1.4)	1.3 (0.6-2.0)
13-14	1.5 (0.9-2.1)	0.7 (0.4-1.0)	0.8 (0.5-1.1)	1.3 (0.8-1.8)	2.0 (1.1-2.9)	1.4 (0.8-2.0)	1.4 (0.8-2.0)
Girls
BMI
Normal	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
Overweight	0.9 (0.5-1.3)	0.7 (0.3-1.1)	1.0 (0.5-1.5)	1.3 (0.7-1.9)	0.7 (0.4-1.0)	1.3 (0.7-2.3)	1.2 (0.6-1.8)
Obese	2.1 (1.1-3.1)	0.9 (0.4-1.4)	2.0 (1.1-2.9)	1.9 (0.9-2.9)	1.4 (0.7-2.1)	2.7 (1.3-4.1)	2.5 (1.2-3.8)
Age (years)
8-9	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
10-12	0.7 (0.3-1.1)	0.8 (0.4-1.2)	0.6 (0.2-1.0)	0.4 (0.2-0.8)	0.4 (0.2-0.6)	1.5 (0.8-2.2)	1.3 (0.6-2.0)
13-14	1.0 (0.6-1.4)	0.9 (0.5-1.3)	0.8 (0.5-1.1)	0.8 (0.5-1.1)	1.1 (0.7-1.5)	1.2 (0.8-1.6)	1.0 (0.6-1.4)

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