Ball Recovery Consistency as a Performance Indicator in Elite Soccer

Maleki, Mohammad; Dadkhah, Kourosh; Alahvisi, Farhad

doi:10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n1p72

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Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano

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Sumário

Original Article • Rev. bras. cineantropom. desempenho hum 18 (1) • Jan-Feb 2016 • https://doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n1p72 copy

Ball Recovery Consistency as a Performance Indicator in Elite Soccer

Consistência na recuperação da bola como indicador de desempenho no futebol

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

In soccer, an attack begins with ball recovery. Therefore, the consistency of this performance indicator during a match and its balanced distribution in the field zones can be one of the distinct characteristics of successful soccer teams. This study aims to investigate the performance consistency of ball recovery during a match within several time periods (6 periods of 15 min) and zones (four zones). To this end, observational methodology and software Focus X2 were adopted to evaluate 28 matches of semi-final teams at FIFA 2014 including Germany, Argentina, Netherlands, and Brazil in terms of ball recovery frequency. In total, 3222 performances were recorded. All teams in each match and in whole competition had homogeneity of distribution of ball recovery during the time periods (χ²₃ =1.597, p=0.66). The results of time-zone evaluation indicated that Netherlands and Brazil teams did not have performance consistency on all field zones (χ²₁₅=31.29, p=0.008 and χ²₁₅ =37.53, p=0.001, respectively). Most ball recoveries were made in the defensive and middle-defensive zones in accordance with modern soccer. It was found that for a soccer team to be successful, it requires a space distribution of experienced players in the field, which leads to power balance for redesigning a team to be offensive in all zones.

Key words
Soccer; Sports; Time

	Matches
Germany		15	30	45	60	75	90	Total	Argentina	15	30	45	60	75	90	Total
	First	18	20	14	13	14	14	93		18	17	17	22	17	21	112
	Second	19	22	18	20	17	26	122		18	24	19	20	13	23	117
	Third	20	15	23	15	17	16	106		19	14	18	25	18	19	113
	Fourth	25	22	23	21	20	27	138		21	18	16	24	24	27	130
	Fifth	23	20	16	18	20	32	129		18	15	18	22	21	28	122
	Sixth	23	18	26	17	13	17	114		16	17	17	16	17	20	103
	Seventh	22	18	21	19	15	22	117		19	18	24	17	18	26	122
	Total	150	135	141	123	116	154	819		129	123	129	146	128	164	819
Netherland		15	30	45	60	75	90	Total		15	30	45	60	75	90	Total
	First	21	13	18	17	12	23	104	Brazil	26	22	21	21	16	17	123
	Second	16	19	17	23	19	13	107		23	14	23	23	15	22	120
	Third	15	18	14	16	16	29	108		17	16	18	20	26	19	116
	Fourth	20	18	10	21	20	26	115		17	19	25	21	21	22	125
	Fifth	21	17	20	22	19	25	124		21	26	13	16	15	15	106
	Sixth	15	10	21	18	11	24	99		24	21	17	23	19	14	118
	Seventh	17	17	18	21	15	18	106		20	17	15	20	21	20	113
	Total	125	112	118	138	112	158	763		148	135	132	144	133	129	821

	15 min. intervals¹
	X²	p	X²	p
Germany	15.83	0.98	5.74	0.45
Argentina	12.94	0.99	4.35	0.63
Netherland	23.01	0.81	2.42	0.88
Brazil	22.81	0.82	6.34	0.38

Teams	X²	P¹	Cramer’s v
Germany	17.12	0.31	0.083
Argentina	14.58	0.48	0.077
Netherland	31.29	0.008	0.117
Brazil	37.53	0.001	0.123

Teams				Time Intervals													Total
Teams					15 Min		30 Min		45 Min		60 Min		75 Min		90 Min		Total
Germany	Zone	Defensive	Count		45		41		48		52		46		58		290
		Defensive	Expected Count		53.1		47.8		49.9		43.6		41.1		54.5		290.0
		Mid-defensive	Count		45		48		38		26		29		42		228
		Mid-defensive	Expected Count		41.8		37.6		39.3		34.2		32.3		42.9		228.0
		Mid-offensive	Count		35		34		34		29		29		29		190
		Mid-offensive	Expected Count		34.8		31.3		32.7		28.5		26.9		35.7		190.0
		Offensive	Count		25		12		21		16		12		25		111
		Offensive	Expected Count		20.3		18.3		19.1		16.7		15.7		20.9		111.0
		Total	Count		150		135		141		123		116		154		819
Argentina	Zone	Defensive	Count		41		39		44		45		47		67		283
		Defensive	Expected Count		44.6		42.5		44.6		50.4		44.2		56.7		283.0
		Mid-defensive	Count		36		38		35		37		24		38		208
		Mid-defensive	Expected Count		32.8		31.2		32.8		37.1		32.5		41.7		208.0
		Mid-offensive	Count		36		23		26		37		31		34		187
		Mid-offensive	Expected Count		29.5		28.1		29.5		33.3		29.2		37.4		187.0
		Offensive	Count		16		23		24		27		26		25		141
		Offensive	Expected Count		22.2		21.2		22.2		25.1		22.0		28.2		141.0
		Total	Count		129		123		129		146		128		164		819
Netherland	Zone	Defensive	Count		58		44		42		48		41		56		289
		Defensive	Expected Count		47.3		42.4		44.7		52.3		42.4		59.8		289.0
		Mid-defensive	Count		30		42		30		33		30		45		210
		Mid-defensive	Expected Count		34.4		30.8		32.5		38.0		30.8		43.5		210.0
		Mid-offensive	Count		30		21		31		43		21		32		178
		Mid-offensive	Expected Count		29.2		26.1		27.5		32.2		26.1		36.9		178.0
		Offensive	Count		7		5		15		14		20		25		86
		Offensive	Expected Count		14.1		12.6		13.3		15.6		12.6		17.8		86.0
		Total	Count		125		112		118		138		112		158		763
Brazil	Zone	Defensive	Count		39		35		48		42		54		63		281
		Defensive	Expected Count		50.7		46.2		45.2		49.3		45.5		44.2		281.0
		Mid-defensive	Count		60		44		31		48		36		40		259
		Mid-defensive	Expected Count		46.7		42.6		41.6		45.4		42.0		40.7		259.0
		Mid-offensive	Count		29		36		29		35		27		14		170
		Mid-offensive	Expected Count		30.6		28.0		27.3		29.8		27.5		26.7		170.0
		Offensive	Count		20		20		24		19		16		12		111
		Offensive	Expected Count		20.0		18.3		17.8		19.5		18.0		17.4		111.0
		Total	Count	148		135		132		144		133		129		821

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[1] Mohammad Maleki, No. 110, Humanities Faculty, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran. E-mail: mo.maleki@uok.ac.ir