Many strategies have been thought with the purpose of to use the molecular biology as an instrument in the pre-selection and in the selection of sport talents, in the genetic manipulation to increase or to reduce the production of certain substances by the body, in the prescription of training and in the recuperation of lesions. By the way, the aim of this review is to present the DNA as regulator of the body functioning and as alterations in the genetic approach, spontaneous and artificially induced, can modulate physiological and morphological responses by changes the expression of certain proteins. It will be give special attention in the description of the proceedings used to genetic manipulation, in the small risks associated and in the strategies that have been developed with the purpose of detect them. Based in scientific knowledge, coherence and good sense, many visions have to be exposed and very discussed to be defined what is permitted and what is prohibited in the sport competitions.
Athletic performance; genetics; doping in sports
