BACKGROUND: Studies comparing percutaneous and surgical methods for the treatment of the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) are rare in the literature. This study aimed to perform a comparative analysis between both PDA treatment methods with emphasis on efficacy and morbidity. METHODS: Observational study with 2 cohorts of children and adolescents > 5 kg and < 14 years of age with PDA, treated under a study protocol to assess the incorporation of novel technologies to the Brazilian Public Health System (Unified Health System - SUS) at an excellence hospital, in partnership with the Brazilian Ministry of Health. A prospective analysis was conducted for the percutaneous group from 2009 to 2011 and a retrospective analysis was performed for the surgical group between 2006 and 2011. RESULTS: Eighty patients were included in the percutaneous group (60% female) and 39 patients in the surgical group (51% female; P = 0.37). The median age and weight of the percutaneous and surgical groups was 39.4 months vs 25.5 months (P = 0.04) and 14 kg vs 11.1 kg (P = 0.052), respectively. In the percutaneous group, 78 patients (92%) had type A PDA and the minimal ductal diameter at angiography was 2.5 + 1.2 mm. Amplatzer®, Gianturco coils and CeraTM were the most commonly used devices. Clipping was the most commonly used surgical technique. The success rate of the procedure was 100% in both groups. The surgical group had higher complication rates, including chylothorax, infections, transfusions, systemic arterial hypertension, use of opioids and a greater need for intensive care. The median hospitalization time was 1.3 days in the percutaneous group and 7.9 days in the surgical group (P < 0.01). Upon discharge, occlusion rates were similar in both groups (91% in the percutaneous group and 87% in the surgical group; P = 0.71). CONCLUSIONS: Due to the lower morbidity, the shorter hospitalization time and similar efficacy, percutaneous treatment of the PDA should be considered the modality of choice for selected patients.
Ductus arteriosus, patent; Heart defects, congenital; Surgery; Heart catheterization; Prostheses and implants
