BACKGROUND: Perventricular closure of muscular ventricular septal defects (VSD) has become an attractive treatment modality for infants. However, its reproducibility worldwide remains to be seen. METHOD: We report a multicenter experience in South America. From July, 2007 to May, 2009, nine non-consecutive patients (median age and weight were 6 months and 5.5 kg, respectively) underwent the procedure in the operating room under transesophageal echocardiographic guidance using Amplatzer devices. All patients but one were in congestive heart failure and had pulmonary arterial hypertension. Four patients had coarctation of the aorta and one was submitted to pulmonary artery banding at 6 months of life, which were all repaired at the same session. Eight patients had single defects (six mid-muscular, two apical) measuring 10.3 ± 3.7 mm and one patient had multiple apical defects that required two devices. RESULTS: Ten devices were implanted successfully (median size: 12 mm), and two had to be sutured to the right ventricular wall with a surgical suture. One patient developed right bundle branch block and another one developed left bundle branch block. In one patient with a 14 mm defect, the inferior portion of a 16 mm device prolapsed through the inferior rim of the defect towards the right ventricle, requiring surgical removal with patch closure of the mid-muscular VSD. After a median one year follow-up, all the eight remaining patients, including the one with multiple VSDs, had complete closure of the defects with normal left ventricular size. CONCLUSION: Perventricular closure of muscular VSDs seems to be reproducible, feasible, relatively safe and effective in this multicenter study. Large defects may require device oversizing or suture fixation for adequate stabilization. More patients and longer follow-up are needed for stronger conclusions.
Heart septal defects, ventricular; Heart catheterization; Prostheses and implants
