SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND GROWTH OF SUNFLOWER (<i>HELIANTHUS
						ANNUUS</i> L.) AS AFFECTED BY THE APPLICATION OF ORGANIC FERTILIZERS
					AND INOCULATION WITH ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI

Silva, Apolino José Nogueira da; Silva, Ricardo Alencar da; Santos, Juliana da Silva; Medeiros, Jordan Carlos Silva de; Carvalho, Fabíola Gomes de; Silva, Valéria Nogueira da; Oliveira, Cosme Jales de; Araújo, Afrânio César de; Silva, Luiz Eduardo Souza Fernandes da; Gomes Junior, Júlio

doi:10.1590/01000683rbcs20150194

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DIVISÃO 3 - USO E MANEJO DO SOLO • Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo 39 (1) • Jan-Feb 2015 • https://doi.org/10.1590/01000683rbcs20150194 linkcopy

SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND GROWTH OF SUNFLOWER (HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L.) AS AFFECTED BY THE APPLICATION OF ORGANIC FERTILIZERS AND INOCULATION WITH ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI

PROPRIEDADES QUÍMICAS DO SOLO E CRESCIMENTO DE GIRASSOL (HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L.) EM RAZÃO DA APLICAÇÃO DE FERTILIZANTES ORGÂNICOS E INOCULAÇÃO COM FUNGOS MICORRÍZICOS ARBUSCULARES

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstracts

The use of organic fertilizers and the inoculation of mycorrhizal fungi in the cultivation of oil crops is essential to reduce production costs and minimize negative impacts on natural resources. A field experiment was conducted in an Argissolo Amarelo (Ultisol) with the aim of evaluating the effects of fertilizer application and inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the growth attributes of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and on soil chemical properties. The experiment was conducted at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, using a randomized block design with three replicates in a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement consisting of four treatments in regard to application of organic fertilizer (liquid biofertilizer, cow urine, mineral fertilizer, and unfertilized control) and two treatments in regard to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (with and without mycorrhizal fungi). The results showed that the physiological attributes of relative growth rate and leaf weight ratio were positively influenced by fertilization, compared to the control treatment, likely brought about by the supply of nutrients from the fertilizers applied. The growth and productivity attributes were positively affected by mycorrhization.

nutrient uptake; Ultisol; organic fertilizers; growth attributes

Attribute	Cow urine	Liquid biofertilizer
pH	8.4	6.8
EC (dS m^-1)	21.30	8.99
C (g L^-1)	0.0	241.62
N (g L^-1)	5.23	1.41
P (g L^-1)	0.06	1.62
K (g L^-1)	1.00	3.20
Ca (g L^-1)	0.18	2.29
Mg (g L^-1)	0.12	2.00
Na (g L^-1)	0.21	0.43
S (g L^-1)	0.26	0.55
Zn (mg L^-1)	1.0	9
Cu (mg L^-1)	1.0	33
Fe (mg L^-1)	5.0	437
Mn (mg L^-1)	1.0	37
B (mg L^-1)	5.0	14

Mycorrhizal treatment	Fertilization treatment
Mycorrhizal treatment	LB	CU	MF	Control	LB	CU	MF	Control
	Ca²⁺ (cmol_c kg^-1)				P (mg kg^-1)
With mycorrhiza	2.97 Aa	1.50 Ba	3.14 Aa	1.22 Ba	50.13 Aa	30.23 Ba	65.54 Aa	20.60 Ba
Without mycorrhiza	3.10 Aa	1.75 Ba	3.16 Aa	1.30 Ba	61.68 Aa	41.60 Ba	73.03 Aa	26.69 Ba
	Mg²⁺ (cmol_c kg^-1)				B (mg kg^-1)
With mycorrhiza	1.50 Aa	0.93 Ba	1.53 Aa	0.74 Ba	0.81 ABa	1.20 Aa	0.46 BCa	0.13 Ca
Without mycorrhiza	1.57 Aa	0.96 Ba	1.69 Aa	0.77 Ba	0.72 ABa	1.10 Aa	0.41 BCa	0.15 Ca
	K⁺ (cmol_c kg^-1)				Fe (mg kg^-1)
With mycorrhiza	0.59 Aa	0.37 Ba	0.62 Aa	0.17 Ca	37.14 Aa	21.36 Ba	16.98 BCa	11.72 Ca
Without mycorrhiza	0.65 Aa	0.41 Ba	0.71 Aa	0.19 Ca	35.39 Aa	20.49 Ba	17.86 BCa	13.47 Ca
	Na⁺ (cmol_c kg^-1)				pH(H₂O)
With mycorrhiza	0.29 Aa	0.22 Aa	0.12 Ba	0.06 Ba	5.76 Aa	5.91 Aa	5.91 Aa	6.12 Aa
Without mycorrhiza	0.26 Aa	0.24 Aa	0.10 Ba	0.05 Ba	5.91 Aa	5.97 Aa	5.73 Aa	6.16 Aa
	CEC (cmol_c kg^-1)				EC (dS m^-1)
With mycorrhiza	7.07 Aa	4.73 Ba	7.37 Aa	4.07 Ca	0.49 Aa	0.55 Aa	0.31 Ba	0.07 Ca
Without mycorrhiza	7.40 Aa	5.12 Ba	7.57 Aa	4.18 Ca	0.47 Aa	0.50 Aa	0.26 Ba	0.08 Ca

Mycorrhizal treatment	Fertilization treatment
Mycorrhizal treatment	LB	CU	MF	Control
	N (g kg^-1)
With mycorrhiza	37.89 Aa	40.09 Aa	34.35 Aa	11.43 Ba
Without mycorrhiza	38.22 Aa	38.45 Aa	35.28 Aa	14.65 Ba
	P (g kg^-1)
With mycorrhiza	5.27 Aa	2.25 Bb	4.47 Aa	1.38 Bb
Without mycorrhiza	6.31 Aa	4.87 Aa	5.54 Aa	3.06 Ba
	K (g kg^-1)
With mycorrhiza	24.43 Aa	21.82 Ab	25.60 Aa	10.19 Bb
Without mycorrhiza	27.11 Aa	31.04 Aa	27.56 Aa	19.85 Ba
	Ca (g kg^-1)
With mycorrhiza	21.13 Aa	13.93 Ba	21.96 Aa	12.91 Ba
Without mycorrhiza	21.96 Aa	12.27 Ba	20.58 Aa	11.16 Ba
	Fe (mg kg^-1)
With mycorrhiza	296.01 Aa	135.53 Bb	143.51 Bb	108.55 Bb
Without mycorrhiza	345.83 Aa	257.74 Ba	263.80 Ba	225.81 Ba
	B (mg kg^-1)
With mycorrhiza	60.78 Aa	63.82 Aa	42.50 Ba	38.70 Ba
Without mycorrhiza	65.35 Aa	66.87 Aa	43.27 Ba	40.98 Ba
	Capitulum diameter (cm)
With mycorrhiza	16.53 ABb	15.77 Bb	17.50 Ab	13.07 Cb
Without mycorrhiza	18.30 ABa	17.20 Ba	19.07 Aa	15.07 Ca
	1,000 seed weight (g)
With mycorrhiza	62.8 Aa	52.73 ABb	66.50 Ab	40.17 Bb
Without mycorrhiza	70.60 Aa	65.33 ABa	78.33 Aa	55.00 Ba
	Crude protein in the seeds (%)
With mycorrhiza	22.72 Aa	23.25 Aa	23.16 Aa	20.13 Ba
Without mycorrhiza	22.13 Aa	24.18 Aa	23.39 Aa	20.56 Ba
	Grain yield (kg ha^-1)
With mycorrhiza	1145.8 ABb	1020.8 Bb	1268.0 Ab	395.8 Cb
Without mycorrhiza	1388.9 ABa	1223.6 Ba	1459.7 Aa	606.9 Ca

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Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, Departamento de Solos - Edifício Silvio Brandão, s/n, Caixa Postal 231 - Campus da UFV, CEP 36570-900 - Viçosa-MG, Tel.: (31) 3612-4542 - Viçosa - MG - Brazil
E-mail: sbcs@sbcs.org.br

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[TFN1] LB: liquid biofertilizer, CU: cow urine, MF: mineral fertilizer, and unfertilized treatment - control. Values followed by the same letter are not significantly different at p<0.05 (Tukey test). Upper case letters compare data within rows and lower case letters compare data within columns.