Brazil is the largest sugar cane producer in the world and, due to the increasing interest in renewable energy sources, the cultivated area is expanding. Sugar cane is usually planted in soil with low nutrient levels, which can limit the yield. In sugar cane, potassium is basically applied in the furrow, which can decrease the K use efficiency due to leaching or salinizaton to plant roots. The goal of this study was to evaluate stalk yield and technological properties of sugar cane as related to K application rates and methods. The experiment was carried out in an Oxissol during a plant cane cycle of variety SP90 3414, in a 2 x 4 split-plot design, with two K application methods (a - 100 % in the planting and b - 50 % in the planting and 50 % side-dressed after six months) and four K rates (control, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha-1 K2O), with four replications. Nine months after planting, plant height and shoot number were evaluated and, in the harvest, stalk yield and technological properties were obtained. The K rates increased sugarcane growth and shoot number in both application methods; the stalks and sugar yield increased with potassium rates, reaching a peak at a dose of around 160 kg ha-1 K2O; the estimated maximum yield (160 t ha-1) was obtained with 130 kg ha-1 of K2O in split application (in the furrow and side-dressed after six months) and with 150 kg ha-1 of K2O when the fertilizer was applied in the furrow only.
Saccharum spp.; plant cane; side-dressed application; potassium chloride; stalk yield
