Peat bogs are Organosols formed under ideal ecological conditions in terms of the accumulation of organic material, controlled by geomorphological and geological processes and climate. The physical, chemistry and biological constitution of peat bogs is largely unknown. In this study the peat bogs of the Southern Serra do Espinhaço (Minas Gerais, Brazil) were described and sampled from three profiles at 1,250 m (P1), 1,350 m (P4) and 1,800 m (P2) above sea level. The three profiles were characterized morphologically, the collected samples were chemically analyzed and the organic matter was fractioned in humin, fulvic and humic acids. The organic matter of the peat bog profiles differed strikingly in chemical composition and contents of humic substances and in the chemical composition of humic acids. The variations in drainage conditions were mostly responsible for the qualitative and quantitative differentiation of organic matter. In peat bog P1, with moderate drainage, the C/N and O/C ratios of the organic matter were higher, fulvic acid predominant among the humic substances and humic acids had a higher C/N ratio. In the peat bog P2 and P4, with very poor drainage, C/N and O/C ratios were lower in the organic matter, humin largely predominant among humic substances and C/N ratios in humic acids were lowest.
Organosols; soil organic matter; fulvic acids; humic acids; humin
