Synthetic chelants used to induce phytoextraction are barely degraded in the soil and pose high environmental risks owing to metal leaching. Natural chelating agents can be an alternative to synthetic chelates thanks to their rapid biodegrability. The study was carried out to evaluate the efficiency of Pb desorption of three synthetic chelators and two natural aliphatic acids from a soil contaminated with Pb from a car battery recycling. Additionally, effects of the amendments on Pb leaching from soil were also studied. The study was based on two experiments carried out to investigate: (1) Pb desorption from soil using 0, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 30 mmol kg-1 of citric and oxalic acids, and synthetic chelators EDTA, DTPA and NTA; (2) Pb leaching from soil columns by applying citric and oxalic acids, EDTA, and NTA to the soil at concentrations of 0, 10, and 20 mmol kg-1. EDTA application resulted in the highest Pb desorption and leaching; the substance is therefore not recommended for phytoextraction programs in the area. NTA caused high Pb desorption along with low leaching, which qualifies the substance for enhancing Pb phytoextraction in field conditions. Neither citric nor oxalic acid posed risks regarding Pb leaching. On the other hand, they seem little promising for enhancing Pb phytoextraction in view of the low Pb desorption.
phytoremediation; phytoextraction; soil contamination; organic acids
