The article presupposes that the difficulty of dealing with the relationship between deliberation and representation problems represents a serious drawback in both the theoretical and concrete experiences ambits. Firstly it analyses a research coordinated by Boaventura de Souza Santos about participative experiences in several regions. It then discusses those experiences in light of the propositions of Irys Young in her last book, Inclusion and Democracy, in which participation and representation are analyzed.
Representation; Civil society; Participation; Social movement